Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) avid nonprostatic benign and malignant disease: a pictorial review

R. Srinivasan, G. J.R. Cook, N. Patel, M. Subesinghe*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

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Abstract

Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is revolutionising the management of prostate cancer (PC) in primary staging and assessment of biochemical recurrence (BCR) through its higher diagnostic accuracy compared to both conventional imaging and previously available PET radiopharmaceuticals. PSMA is a transmembrane glycoprotein, highly expressed in prostate cancer, with its extracellular domain the target for PSMA PET radiopharmaceuticals. However, PSMA expression is not prostate specific and resultant PSMA uptake on PET-CT is not restricted to pathologies arising from the prostate gland. The increasing use of PSMA PET-CT has revealed PSMA uptake in a variety of non-prostatic benign and malignant diseases, which adds complexity to PET-CT interpretation and subsequent clinical management. This pictorial review will provide a thorough knowledge and understanding of the comprehensive range of PSMA avid non-prostatic benign and malignant diseases demonstrable on PSMA PET-CT, whilst highlighting the complimentary nature of other imaging modalities.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)639-656
Number of pages18
JournalClinical Radiology
Volume79
Issue number9
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 24 May 2024

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