TY - JOUR
T1 - RASGRF2 regulates alcohol-induced reinforcement by influencing mesolimbic dopamine neuron activity and dopamine release
AU - Stacey, David
AU - Bilbao, Ainhoa
AU - Maroteaux, Matthieu
AU - Jia, Tianye
AU - Easton, Alanna C
AU - Longueville, Sophie
AU - Nymberg, Charlotte
AU - Banaschewski, Tobias
AU - Barker, Gareth J
AU - Büchel, Christian
AU - Carvalho, Fabiana
AU - Conrod, Patricia J
AU - Desrivières, Sylvane
AU - Fauth-Bühler, Mira
AU - Fernandez-Medarde, Alberto
AU - Flor, Herta
AU - Gallinat, Jürgen
AU - Garavan, Hugh
AU - Bokde, Arun L W
AU - Heinz, Andreas
AU - Ittermann, Bernd
AU - Lathrop, Mark
AU - Lawrence, Claire
AU - Loth, Eva
AU - Lourdusamy, Anbarasu
AU - Mann, Karl F
AU - Martinot, Jean-Luc
AU - Nees, Frauke
AU - Palkovits, Miklós
AU - Paus, Tomas
AU - Pausova, Zdenka
AU - Rietschel, Marcella
AU - Ruggeri, Barbara
AU - Santos, Eugenio
AU - Smolka, Michael N
AU - Staehlin, Oliver
AU - Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta
AU - Elliott, Paul
AU - Sommer, Wolfgang H
AU - Mameli, Manuel
AU - Müller, Christian P
AU - Spanagel, Rainer
AU - Girault, Jean-Antoine
AU - Schumann, Gunter
AU - The IMAGEN Consortium
PY - 2012/12
Y1 - 2012/12
N2 - The firing of mesolimbic dopamine neurons is important for drug-induced reinforcement, although underlying genetic factors remain poorly understood. In a recent genome-wide association metaanalysis of alcohol intake, we identified a suggestive association of SNP rs26907 in the ras-specific guanine-nucleotide releasing factor 2 (RASGRF2) gene, encoding a protein that mediates Ca(2+)-dependent activation of the ERK pathway. We performed functional characterization of this gene in relation to alcohol-related phenotypes and mesolimbic dopamine function in both mice and adolescent humans. Ethanol intake and preference were decreased in Rasgrf2(-/-) mice relative to WT controls. Accordingly, ethanol-induced dopamine release in the ventral striatum was blunted in Rasgrf2(-/-) mice. Recording of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area revealed reduced excitability in the absence of Ras-GRF2, likely because of lack of inhibition of the I(A) potassium current by ERK. This deficit provided an explanation for the altered dopamine release, presumably linked to impaired activation of dopamine neurons firing. Functional neuroimaging analysis of a monetary incentive-delay task in 663 adolescent boys revealed significant association of ventral striatal activity during reward anticipation with a RASGRF2 haplotype containing rs26907, the SNP associated with alcohol intake in our previous metaanalysis. This finding suggests a link between the RASGRF2 haplotype and reward sensitivity, a known risk factor for alcohol and drug addiction. Indeed, follow-up of these same boys at age 16 y revealed an association between this haplotype and number of drinking episodes. Together, these combined animal and human data indicate a role for RASGRF2 in the regulation of mesolimbic dopamine neuron activity, reward response, and alcohol use and abuse.
AB - The firing of mesolimbic dopamine neurons is important for drug-induced reinforcement, although underlying genetic factors remain poorly understood. In a recent genome-wide association metaanalysis of alcohol intake, we identified a suggestive association of SNP rs26907 in the ras-specific guanine-nucleotide releasing factor 2 (RASGRF2) gene, encoding a protein that mediates Ca(2+)-dependent activation of the ERK pathway. We performed functional characterization of this gene in relation to alcohol-related phenotypes and mesolimbic dopamine function in both mice and adolescent humans. Ethanol intake and preference were decreased in Rasgrf2(-/-) mice relative to WT controls. Accordingly, ethanol-induced dopamine release in the ventral striatum was blunted in Rasgrf2(-/-) mice. Recording of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area revealed reduced excitability in the absence of Ras-GRF2, likely because of lack of inhibition of the I(A) potassium current by ERK. This deficit provided an explanation for the altered dopamine release, presumably linked to impaired activation of dopamine neurons firing. Functional neuroimaging analysis of a monetary incentive-delay task in 663 adolescent boys revealed significant association of ventral striatal activity during reward anticipation with a RASGRF2 haplotype containing rs26907, the SNP associated with alcohol intake in our previous metaanalysis. This finding suggests a link between the RASGRF2 haplotype and reward sensitivity, a known risk factor for alcohol and drug addiction. Indeed, follow-up of these same boys at age 16 y revealed an association between this haplotype and number of drinking episodes. Together, these combined animal and human data indicate a role for RASGRF2 in the regulation of mesolimbic dopamine neuron activity, reward response, and alcohol use and abuse.
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1211844110
DO - 10.1073/pnas.1211844110
M3 - Article
C2 - 23223532
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 109
SP - 21128
EP - 21133
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 51
ER -