TY - JOUR
T1 - Reasons for discontinuing active surveillance
T2 - Assessment of 21 centres in 12 countries in the Movember GAP3 Consortium
AU - Van Hemelrijck, Mieke
AU - Ji, Xi
AU - Helleman, Jozien
AU - Roobol, Monique J.
AU - van der Linden, Wim
AU - Nieboer, Daan
AU - Bangma, Chris H.
AU - Frydenberg, Mark
AU - Rannikko, Antti
AU - Lee, Lui S.
AU - Gnanapragasam, Vincent J.
AU - Kattan, Mike W.
AU - Movember Foundation's Global Action Plan Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance (GAP3) consortium
AU - Santaolalla, Aida
PY - 2018/10/29
Y1 - 2018/10/29
N2 - Background: Careful assessment of the reasons for discontinuation of active surveillance (AS) is required for men with prostate cancer (PCa). Objective: Using Movember's Global Action Plan Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance initiative (GAP3) database, we report on reasons for AS discontinuation. Design, setting, and participants: We compared data from 10 296 men on AS from 21 centres across 12 countries. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Cumulative incidence methods were used to estimate the cumulative incidence rates of AS discontinuation. Results and limitations: During 5-yr follow-up, 27.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 26.4–28.6%) men showed signs of disease progression, 12.8% (95% CI: 12.0–13.6%) converted to active treatment without evidence of progression, 1.7% (95% CI: 1.5–2.0%) continued to watchful waiting, and 1.7% (95% CI: 1.4–2.1%) died from other causes. Of the 7049 men who remained on AS, 2339 had follow-up for >5 yr, 4561 had follow-up for <5 yr, and 149 were lost to follow-up. Cumulative incidence of progression was 27.5% (95% CI: 26.4–28.6%) at 5 yr and 38.2% (95% CI: 36.7–39.9%) at 10 yr. A limitation is that not all centres were included due to limited information on the reason for discontinuation and limited follow-up. Conclusions: Our descriptive analyses of current AS practices worldwide showed that 43.6% of men drop out of AS during 5-yr follow-up, mainly due to signs of disease progression. Improvements in selection tools for AS are thus needed to correctly allocate men with PCa to AS, which will also reduce discontinuation due to conversion to active treatment without evidence of disease progression. Patient summary: Our assessment of a worldwide database of men with prostate cancer (PCa) on active surveillance (AS) shows that 43.6% drop out of AS within 5 yr, mainly due to signs of disease progression. Better tools are needed to select and monitor men with PCa as part of AS. After about 5 yr, about 56% of men were still on active surveillance. Signs of disease progression (28%) and conversion to active treatment without evidence of progression (13%) were the main reasons for discontinuation.
AB - Background: Careful assessment of the reasons for discontinuation of active surveillance (AS) is required for men with prostate cancer (PCa). Objective: Using Movember's Global Action Plan Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance initiative (GAP3) database, we report on reasons for AS discontinuation. Design, setting, and participants: We compared data from 10 296 men on AS from 21 centres across 12 countries. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Cumulative incidence methods were used to estimate the cumulative incidence rates of AS discontinuation. Results and limitations: During 5-yr follow-up, 27.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 26.4–28.6%) men showed signs of disease progression, 12.8% (95% CI: 12.0–13.6%) converted to active treatment without evidence of progression, 1.7% (95% CI: 1.5–2.0%) continued to watchful waiting, and 1.7% (95% CI: 1.4–2.1%) died from other causes. Of the 7049 men who remained on AS, 2339 had follow-up for >5 yr, 4561 had follow-up for <5 yr, and 149 were lost to follow-up. Cumulative incidence of progression was 27.5% (95% CI: 26.4–28.6%) at 5 yr and 38.2% (95% CI: 36.7–39.9%) at 10 yr. A limitation is that not all centres were included due to limited information on the reason for discontinuation and limited follow-up. Conclusions: Our descriptive analyses of current AS practices worldwide showed that 43.6% of men drop out of AS during 5-yr follow-up, mainly due to signs of disease progression. Improvements in selection tools for AS are thus needed to correctly allocate men with PCa to AS, which will also reduce discontinuation due to conversion to active treatment without evidence of disease progression. Patient summary: Our assessment of a worldwide database of men with prostate cancer (PCa) on active surveillance (AS) shows that 43.6% drop out of AS within 5 yr, mainly due to signs of disease progression. Better tools are needed to select and monitor men with PCa as part of AS. After about 5 yr, about 56% of men were still on active surveillance. Signs of disease progression (28%) and conversion to active treatment without evidence of progression (13%) were the main reasons for discontinuation.
KW - Active surveillance
KW - Discontinuation
KW - Prostate cancer
KW - Worldwide
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85055553741&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.10.025
DO - 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.10.025
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85055553741
SN - 0302-2838
JO - European Urology
JF - European Urology
ER -
