Regulation of HIV-1 Latency by Chromatin Structure and Nuclear Architecture

Marina Lusic; Mauro Giacca

doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2014.07.022

Regulation of HIV-1 Latency by Chromatin Structure and Nuclear Architecture

Marina Lusic, Mauro Giacca^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

36 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Current antiretroviral therapies fail to cure HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) infection because HIV-1 persists as a transcriptionally inactive provirus in resting memory CD4⁺ T cells. Multiple molecular events are known to regulate HIV-1 gene expression, yet the mechanisms governing the establishment and maintenance of latency remain incompletely understood. Here we summarize different molecular aspects of viral latency, from its establishment in resting CD4⁺ T cells to the mechanisms involved in the reactivation of latent viral reservoirs. We focus on the relevance of chromatin structure and nuclear architecture in determining the transcriptional fate of integrated HIV-1 genomes, in light of recent findings indicating that proximity to specific subnuclear neighborhoods regulates HIV-1 gene expression.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	688-694
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Molecular Biology
Volume	427
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2014.07.022
Publication status	Published - 13 Feb 2015

Keywords

chromatin
gene expression
HIV-1
latency
nuclear architecture

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jmb.2014.07.022

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title = "Regulation of HIV-1 Latency by Chromatin Structure and Nuclear Architecture",

abstract = "Current antiretroviral therapies fail to cure HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) infection because HIV-1 persists as a transcriptionally inactive provirus in resting memory CD4+ T cells. Multiple molecular events are known to regulate HIV-1 gene expression, yet the mechanisms governing the establishment and maintenance of latency remain incompletely understood. Here we summarize different molecular aspects of viral latency, from its establishment in resting CD4+ T cells to the mechanisms involved in the reactivation of latent viral reservoirs. We focus on the relevance of chromatin structure and nuclear architecture in determining the transcriptional fate of integrated HIV-1 genomes, in light of recent findings indicating that proximity to specific subnuclear neighborhoods regulates HIV-1 gene expression.",

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AU - Giacca, Mauro

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N2 - Current antiretroviral therapies fail to cure HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) infection because HIV-1 persists as a transcriptionally inactive provirus in resting memory CD4+ T cells. Multiple molecular events are known to regulate HIV-1 gene expression, yet the mechanisms governing the establishment and maintenance of latency remain incompletely understood. Here we summarize different molecular aspects of viral latency, from its establishment in resting CD4+ T cells to the mechanisms involved in the reactivation of latent viral reservoirs. We focus on the relevance of chromatin structure and nuclear architecture in determining the transcriptional fate of integrated HIV-1 genomes, in light of recent findings indicating that proximity to specific subnuclear neighborhoods regulates HIV-1 gene expression.

AB - Current antiretroviral therapies fail to cure HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) infection because HIV-1 persists as a transcriptionally inactive provirus in resting memory CD4+ T cells. Multiple molecular events are known to regulate HIV-1 gene expression, yet the mechanisms governing the establishment and maintenance of latency remain incompletely understood. Here we summarize different molecular aspects of viral latency, from its establishment in resting CD4+ T cells to the mechanisms involved in the reactivation of latent viral reservoirs. We focus on the relevance of chromatin structure and nuclear architecture in determining the transcriptional fate of integrated HIV-1 genomes, in light of recent findings indicating that proximity to specific subnuclear neighborhoods regulates HIV-1 gene expression.

KW - chromatin

KW - gene expression

KW - HIV-1

KW - latency

KW - nuclear architecture

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JF - Journal of Molecular Biology

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Regulation of HIV-1 Latency by Chromatin Structure and Nuclear Architecture

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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