Abstract
Non-acute effects of cannabis on neurocognition in adolescents remain unclear with most studies being cross-sectional. Therefore, the aim of this longitudinal, multi-center study was to examine the effects of cannabis use on cognitive abilities in participants emerging into adulthood. Data on substance use as well as neurocognitive measures were assessed in 804 adolescents (441 females, 363 males) at age 14 and 19. First, cross-sectional analyses of baseline and follow-up data were conducted using analyses of covariance (ANCOVA). Second, repeated measures ANCOVAs were conducted to quantify longitudinal change. Cross-sectionally, we detected no significant neurocognitive differences before initiation of drug use. However, after controlling for confounders, light cannabis use as well as late-onset thereof was associated with increased decision-making skills both cross-sectionally at follow-up as well as longitudinally compared to non-using controls. In summary, our data suggests that decision-making is not impaired when cannabis is used in moderation and onset of use occurs after the age of 15. In addition, we find no evidence to support the presumption that cannabis consumption leads to a decline in neurocognitive ability.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 101072 |
| Journal | Cognitive Development |
| Volume | 59 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Jul 2021 |
Keywords
- Adolescence
- Brain development
- Cannabis
- Decision-making
- Marijuana
- Neurocognition
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In: Cognitive Development, Vol. 59, 101072, 01.07.2021.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Residual effects of cannabis-use on neuropsychological functioning
AU - Wendel, Lena Kristin
AU - Daedelow, Laura
AU - Kaminski, Jakob
AU - Banaschewski, Tobias
AU - Millenet, Sabina
AU - Bokde, Arun L.W.
AU - Quinlan, Erin Burke
AU - Desrivières, Sylvane
AU - Flor, Herta
AU - Grigis, Antoine
AU - Garavan, Hugh
AU - Gowland, Penny
AU - Heinz, Andreas
AU - Brühl, Rüdiger
AU - Martinot, Jean Luc
AU - Artiges, Eric
AU - Nees, Frauke
AU - Papadopoulos Orfanos, Dimitri
AU - Paus, Tomáš
AU - Poustka, Luise
AU - Fröhner, Juliane H.
AU - Smolka, Michael N.
AU - Whelan, Robert
AU - Schumann, Gunter
AU - Walter, Henrik
N1 - Funding Information: This work received support from the following sources: the European Union-funded FP6 Integrated Project IMAGEN (Reinforcement-related behavior in normal brain function and psychopathology) ( LSHM-CT- 2007-037286 ), the Horizon 2020 funded ERC Advanced Grant ‘STRATIFY’ (Brain network based stratification of reinforcement-related disorders) ( 695313 ), Human Brain Project (HBP SGA 2, 785907, and HBP SGA 3, 945539), the Medical Research Council Grant ‘c-VEDA’ (Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions) ( MR/N000390/1 ), the National Institute of Health (NIH) ( R01DA049238 , A decentralized macro and micro gene-by-environment interaction analysis of substance use behavior and its brain biomarkers), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London , the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Policy Research Programme (project ref. PR-ST-0416-10001), the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF grants 01GS08152 ; 01EV0711 ; Forschungsnetz AERIAL 01EE1406A , 01EE1406B ; Forschungsnetz IMAC-Mind 01GL1745B ), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG grants SM 80/7-2 , SFB 940 , TRR 265 , NE 1383/14-1 ), the Medical Research Foundation and Medical Research Council (grants MR/R00465X/1 and MR/S020306/1 ), the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded ENIGMA (grants 5U54EB020403-05 and 1R56AG058854-01 ). Further support was provided by grants from: – the ANR ( ANR-12-SAMA-0004 , AAPG2019 – GeBra), the Eranet Neuron ( AF12-NEUR0008-01 – WM2NA; and ANR-18-NEUR00002-01 – ADORe), the Fondation de France ( 00081242 ), the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale ( DPA20140629802 ), the Mission Interministérielle de Lutte-contre-les-Drogues-et-les-Conduites-Addictives (MILDECA), the Assistance-Publique-Hôpitaux-de-Paris and INSERM (interface grant), Paris Sud University IDEX 2012 , the Fondation de l’Avenir (grant AP-RM-17-013 ), the Fédération pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau ; the National Institutes of Health , Science Foundation Ireland ( 16/ERCD/3797 ), U.S.A. (Axon, Testosterone and Mental Health during Adolescence ; RO1 MH085772-01A1 ), and by NIH Consortium grant U54 EB020403 , supported by a cross-NIH alliance that funds Big Data to Knowledge Centres of Excellence. ImagenPathways ( ZMVI1-2516DSM223 ) “Understanding the Interplay between Cultural, Biological and Subjective Factors in Drug Use Pathways” is a collaborative project supported by the European Research Area Network on Illicit Drugs (ERANID). Named funding sources were not involved in the implementation of the study design as well as collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the funding agencies. Funding Information: Dr. Banaschewski served in an advisory or consultancy role for Lundbeck, Medice, Neurim Pharmaceuticals, Oberberg GmbH, Shire. He received conference support or speaker’s fee by Lilly, Medice, Novartis and Shire. He has been involved in clinical trials conducted by Shire & Viforpharma. He received royalties from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer, CIP Medien, Oxford University Press. The present work is unrelated to the above grants and relationships. Dr. Poustka served in an advisory or consultancy role for Roche and Viforpharm and received speaker’s fee by Shire. She received royalties from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer and Schattauer. The present work is unrelated to the above grants and relationships. Jakob Kaminski’s work was supported by the Charité Clinician-Scientist Program of the Berlin Institute of Health. The other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. Funding Information: This work received support from the following sources: the European Union-funded FP6 Integrated Project IMAGEN (Reinforcement-related behavior in normal brain function and psychopathology) (LSHM-CT- 2007-037286), the Horizon 2020 funded ERC Advanced Grant ?STRATIFY? (Brain network based stratification of reinforcement-related disorders) (695313),Human Brain Project (HBP SGA 2, 785907, and HBP SGA 3, 945539), the Medical Research Council Grant ?c-VEDA? (Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions) (MR/N000390/1), the National Institute of Health (NIH) (R01DA049238, A decentralized macro and micro gene-by-environment interaction analysis of substance use behavior and its brain biomarkers), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Policy Research Programme (project ref. PR-ST-0416-10001), the Bundesministerium f?r Bildung und Forschung (BMBF grants 01GS08152; 01EV0711; Forschungsnetz AERIAL 01EE1406A, 01EE1406B; Forschungsnetz IMAC-Mind 01GL1745B), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG grants SM 80/7-2, SFB 940, TRR 265, NE 1383/14-1), the Medical Research Foundation and Medical Research Council (grants MR/R00465X/1 and MR/S020306/1), the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded ENIGMA (grants 5U54EB020403-05 and 1R56AG058854-01). Further support was provided by grants from: ? the ANR (ANR-12-SAMA-0004, AAPG2019 ? GeBra), the Eranet Neuron (AF12-NEUR0008-01 ? WM2NA; and ANR-18-NEUR00002-01 ? ADORe), the Fondation de France (00081242), the Fondation pour la Recherche M?dicale (DPA20140629802), the Mission Interminist?rielle de Lutte-contre-les-Drogues-et-les-Conduites-Addictives (MILDECA), the Assistance-Publique-H?pitaux-de-Paris and INSERM (interface grant), Paris Sud University IDEX 2012, the Fondation de l'Avenir (grant AP-RM-17-013), the F?d?ration pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau; the National Institutes of Health, Science Foundation Ireland (16/ERCD/3797), U.S.A. (Axon, Testosterone and Mental Health during Adolescence; RO1 MH085772-01A1), and by NIH Consortium grant U54 EB020403, supported by a cross-NIH alliance that funds Big Data to Knowledge Centres of Excellence. ImagenPathways (ZMVI1-2516DSM223) ?Understanding the Interplay between Cultural, Biological and Subjective Factors in Drug Use Pathways? is a collaborative project supported by the European Research Area Network on Illicit Drugs (ERANID). Named funding sources were not involved in the implementation of the study design as well as collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the funding agencies. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Inc. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/7/1
Y1 - 2021/7/1
N2 - Non-acute effects of cannabis on neurocognition in adolescents remain unclear with most studies being cross-sectional. Therefore, the aim of this longitudinal, multi-center study was to examine the effects of cannabis use on cognitive abilities in participants emerging into adulthood. Data on substance use as well as neurocognitive measures were assessed in 804 adolescents (441 females, 363 males) at age 14 and 19. First, cross-sectional analyses of baseline and follow-up data were conducted using analyses of covariance (ANCOVA). Second, repeated measures ANCOVAs were conducted to quantify longitudinal change. Cross-sectionally, we detected no significant neurocognitive differences before initiation of drug use. However, after controlling for confounders, light cannabis use as well as late-onset thereof was associated with increased decision-making skills both cross-sectionally at follow-up as well as longitudinally compared to non-using controls. In summary, our data suggests that decision-making is not impaired when cannabis is used in moderation and onset of use occurs after the age of 15. In addition, we find no evidence to support the presumption that cannabis consumption leads to a decline in neurocognitive ability.
AB - Non-acute effects of cannabis on neurocognition in adolescents remain unclear with most studies being cross-sectional. Therefore, the aim of this longitudinal, multi-center study was to examine the effects of cannabis use on cognitive abilities in participants emerging into adulthood. Data on substance use as well as neurocognitive measures were assessed in 804 adolescents (441 females, 363 males) at age 14 and 19. First, cross-sectional analyses of baseline and follow-up data were conducted using analyses of covariance (ANCOVA). Second, repeated measures ANCOVAs were conducted to quantify longitudinal change. Cross-sectionally, we detected no significant neurocognitive differences before initiation of drug use. However, after controlling for confounders, light cannabis use as well as late-onset thereof was associated with increased decision-making skills both cross-sectionally at follow-up as well as longitudinally compared to non-using controls. In summary, our data suggests that decision-making is not impaired when cannabis is used in moderation and onset of use occurs after the age of 15. In addition, we find no evidence to support the presumption that cannabis consumption leads to a decline in neurocognitive ability.
KW - Adolescence
KW - Brain development
KW - Cannabis
KW - Decision-making
KW - Marijuana
KW - Neurocognition
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85107702522
U2 - 10.1016/j.cogdev.2021.101072
DO - 10.1016/j.cogdev.2021.101072
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85107702522
SN - 0885-2014
VL - 59
JO - Cognitive Development
JF - Cognitive Development
M1 - 101072
ER -