Searching for psychosis: INTREPID (1): systems for detecting untreated and first-episode cases of psychosis in diverse settings

Craig Morgan; Maia Hibben; Oluyomi Esan; Sujit John; Vikram Patel; Helen A. Weiss; Robin M. Murray; Gerard Hutchinson; Oye Gureje; Rangaswamy Thara; Alex Cohen

doi:10.1007/s00127-015-1013-6

Searching for psychosis: INTREPID (1): systems for detecting untreated and first-episode cases of psychosis in diverse settings

Craig Morgan^*, Maia Hibben, Oluyomi Esan, Sujit John, Vikram Patel, Helen A. Weiss, Robin M. Murray, Gerard Hutchinson, Oye Gureje, Rangaswamy Thara, Alex Cohen

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Purpose: Our understanding of psychotic disorders is largely based on studies conducted in North America, Europe and Australasia. Few methodologically robust and comparable studies have been carried out in other settings. INTREPID is a programme of research on psychoses in India, Nigeria, and Trinidad. As a platform for INTREPID, we sought to establish comprehensive systems for detecting representative samples of cases of psychosis by mapping and seeking to engage all professional and folk (traditional) providers and potential key informants in defined catchment areas. Method: We used a combination of official sources, local knowledge of principal investigators, and snowballing techniques. Results: The structure of the mental health systems in each catchment area was similar, but the content (i.e., type, extent, and nature) differed. Tunapuna–Piarco (Trinidad), for example, has the most comprehensive and accessible professional services. By contrast, Ibadan (Nigeria) has the most extensive folk (traditional) sector. We identified and engaged in our detection system—(a) all professional mental health services in each site (in- and outpatient services—Chengalpet, 6; Ibadan, 3; Trinidad, 5); (b) a wide range of folk providers (Chengalpet, 3 major healing sites; Ibadan, 19 healers; Trinidad: 12 healers); and c) a number of key informants, depending on need (Chengalpet, 361; Ibadan, 54; Trinidad, 1). Conclusions: Marked differences in mental health systems in each catchment area illustrate the necessity of developing tailored systems for the detection of representative samples of cases with untreated and first-episode psychosis as a basis for robust, comparative epidemiological studies.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	879-893
Number of pages	15
Journal	Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
Volume	50
Issue number	6
Early online date	29 Jan 2015
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1013-6
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 29 Jan 2015

Keywords

Case finding
India
Nigeria
Psychoses
Trinidad

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Morgan, C., Hibben, M., Esan, O., John, S., Patel, V., Weiss, H. A., Murray, R. M., Hutchinson, G., Gureje, O., Thara, R., & Cohen, A. (2015). Searching for psychosis: INTREPID (1): systems for detecting untreated and first-episode cases of psychosis in diverse settings. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 50(6), 879-893. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1013-6

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abstract = "Purpose: Our understanding of psychotic disorders is largely based on studies conducted in North America, Europe and Australasia. Few methodologically robust and comparable studies have been carried out in other settings. INTREPID is a programme of research on psychoses in India, Nigeria, and Trinidad. As a platform for INTREPID, we sought to establish comprehensive systems for detecting representative samples of cases of psychosis by mapping and seeking to engage all professional and folk (traditional) providers and potential key informants in defined catchment areas. Method: We used a combination of official sources, local knowledge of principal investigators, and snowballing techniques. Results: The structure of the mental health systems in each catchment area was similar, but the content (i.e., type, extent, and nature) differed. Tunapuna–Piarco (Trinidad), for example, has the most comprehensive and accessible professional services. By contrast, Ibadan (Nigeria) has the most extensive folk (traditional) sector. We identified and engaged in our detection system—(a) all professional mental health services in each site (in- and outpatient services—Chengalpet, 6; Ibadan, 3; Trinidad, 5); (b) a wide range of folk providers (Chengalpet, 3 major healing sites; Ibadan, 19 healers; Trinidad: 12 healers); and c) a number of key informants, depending on need (Chengalpet, 361; Ibadan, 54; Trinidad, 1). Conclusions: Marked differences in mental health systems in each catchment area illustrate the necessity of developing tailored systems for the detection of representative samples of cases with untreated and first-episode psychosis as a basis for robust, comparative epidemiological studies.",

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Morgan, C, Hibben, M, Esan, O, John, S, Patel, V, Weiss, HA, Murray, RM, Hutchinson, G, Gureje, O, Thara, R & Cohen, A 2015, 'Searching for psychosis: INTREPID (1): systems for detecting untreated and first-episode cases of psychosis in diverse settings', Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 879-893. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1013-6

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AU - John, Sujit

AU - Patel, Vikram

AU - Weiss, Helen A.

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AU - Gureje, Oye

AU - Thara, Rangaswamy

AU - Cohen, Alex

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AB - Purpose: Our understanding of psychotic disorders is largely based on studies conducted in North America, Europe and Australasia. Few methodologically robust and comparable studies have been carried out in other settings. INTREPID is a programme of research on psychoses in India, Nigeria, and Trinidad. As a platform for INTREPID, we sought to establish comprehensive systems for detecting representative samples of cases of psychosis by mapping and seeking to engage all professional and folk (traditional) providers and potential key informants in defined catchment areas. Method: We used a combination of official sources, local knowledge of principal investigators, and snowballing techniques. Results: The structure of the mental health systems in each catchment area was similar, but the content (i.e., type, extent, and nature) differed. Tunapuna–Piarco (Trinidad), for example, has the most comprehensive and accessible professional services. By contrast, Ibadan (Nigeria) has the most extensive folk (traditional) sector. We identified and engaged in our detection system—(a) all professional mental health services in each site (in- and outpatient services—Chengalpet, 6; Ibadan, 3; Trinidad, 5); (b) a wide range of folk providers (Chengalpet, 3 major healing sites; Ibadan, 19 healers; Trinidad: 12 healers); and c) a number of key informants, depending on need (Chengalpet, 361; Ibadan, 54; Trinidad, 1). Conclusions: Marked differences in mental health systems in each catchment area illustrate the necessity of developing tailored systems for the detection of representative samples of cases with untreated and first-episode psychosis as a basis for robust, comparative epidemiological studies.

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Searching for psychosis: INTREPID (1): systems for detecting untreated and first-episode cases of psychosis in diverse settings

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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