@article{3fa8d285c9a840d8b2ac70341a21f90d,
title = "Self-reported depression and anxiety and healthcare professional interactions regarding smoking cessation and nicotine vaping: Findings from 2018 International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping (ITC 4CV) Survey",
abstract = "INTRODUCTION People with mental health conditions are disproportionately affected by smoking-related diseases and death. The aim of this study was to assess whether health professional (HP) interactions regarding smoking cessation and nicotine vaping products (NVPs) differ by mental health condition. METHODS The cross-sectional 2018 International Tobacco Control Four Country (Australia, Canada, England, United States) Smoking and Vaping Survey data included 11040 adults currently smoking or recently quit. Adjusted weighted logistic regressions examined associations between mental health (self-reported current depression and/or anxiety) and visiting a HP in last 18 months; receiving advice to quit smoking; discussing NVPs with a HP; and receiving a recommendation to use NVPs. RESULTS Overall, 16.1% self-reported depression and anxiety, 7.6% depression only, and 6.6% anxiety only. Compared with respondents with no depression/anxiety, those with depression (84.7%, AOR=2.65; 95% CI: 2.17–3.27), anxiety (82.2%, AOR=2.08; 95% CI: 1.70–2.57), and depression and anxiety (87.6%, AOR=3.74; 95% CI: 3.19–4.40) were more likely to have visited a HP. Among those who had visited a HP, 47.9% received advice to quit smoking, which was more likely among respondents with depression (AOR=1.58; 95% CI: 1.34–1.86), and NVP discussions were more likely among those with depression and anxiety (AOR=1.63; 95% CI: 1.29–2.06). Of the 6.1% who discussed NVPs, 33.5% received a recommendation to use them, with no difference by mental health. CONCLUSIONS People with anxiety and/or depression who smoke were more likely to visit a HP than those without, but only those with depression were more likely to receive cessation advice, and only those with depression and anxiety were more likely to discuss NVPs. There are missed opportunities for HPs to deliver cessation advice. NVP discussions and receiving a positive recommendation to use them were rare overall.",
keywords = "depression, anxiety, mental health, smoking cessation, cessation advice, cessation support, quit smoking, vaping products, e-cigarette, health professional discussions",
author = "Bernadett Tildy and Ann McNeill and Katherine East and Shannon Gravely and Fong, {Geoffrey T} and Cummings, {Kenneth Michael} and Ron Borland and Chan, {Gary C K} and Lim, {Carmen C.W.} and Coral Gartner and Hua-Hie Yong and Leonie Brose",
note = "Funding Information: The ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey was supported by grants from the US National Cancer Institute (P01 CA200512), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (FDN-148477), and the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (APP1106451). This work was conducted as a part of BET{\textquoteright}s PhD (Economic and Social Research Council London Interdisciplinary Social Science Doctoral Training Partnership 1 + 3 award, es/p000703/1). This work was supported by the UK Prevention Research Partnership (MR/S037519/1), which is funded by the British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, Health and Social Care Research and Development Division (Welsh Government), Medical Research Council, National Institute for Health Research, Natural Environment Research Council, Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), The Health Foundation and Wellcome. The funders had no role in the design of the study, or the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, or in writing of the manuscript. AM is a National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Senior Investigator (2019-2023). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR, or the Department of Health and Social Care. KE is the recipient of Fellowship funding from the Society for Fellowship funding from the Society for the Study of Addiction and is also partly supported by a P01 Grant (1P01CA200512) from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). GTF is supported by a Senior Investigator Grant from the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research (IA-004). CWLL is also supported by a National Health Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia Postgraduate Scholarship [APP2005317], The University of Queensland Living Stipend and Tuition Scholarship and a National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research (NCYSUR) top-up scholarship. GCKC is supported by a NHMRC Investigator Fellowship [APP1176137]. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Tildy B. E. et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)",
year = "2023",
month = aug,
day = "2",
doi = "10.18332/tpc/168288",
language = "English",
volume = "9",
journal = "Tobacco Prevention and Cessation",
issn = "2459-3087",
publisher = "EU European Publishing",
number = "July",
}