Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder

Luke Joseph Norman; Christina Carlisi; Ana Cubillo; Anastasia Christakou; Clodagh Mary Murphy; Kaylita Charlene Chantiluke; Andrew Simmons; Vincent Pierre Giampietro; Michael John Brammer; David Mataix-Cols; Katya Rubia

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.013

Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder

Luke Joseph Norman, Christina Carlisi, Ana Cubillo, Anastasia Christakou, Clodagh Mary Murphy, Kaylita Charlene Chantiluke, Andrew Simmons, Vincent Pierre Giampietro, Michael John Brammer, David Mataix-Cols, Katya Rubia

Karolinska Institute

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Abstract

Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and obsessive/compulsive disorder (OCD) share problems with sustained attention, and are proposed to share deficits in switching between default mode and task positive networks. The aim of this study was to investigate shared and disorder-specific brain activation abnormalities during sustained attention in the two disorders. Twenty boys with ADHD, 20 boys with OCD and 20 age-matched healthy controls aged between 12-18 years completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) version of a parametrically modulated sustained attention task with a progressively increasing sustained attention load. Performance and brain activation were compared between groups. Only ADHD patients were impaired in performance. Group by sustained attention load interaction effects showed that OCD patients had disorder-specific middle anterior cingulate underactivation relative to controls and ADHD patients, while ADHD patients showed disorder-specific underactivation in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex/dorsal inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). ADHD and OCD patients shared left insula/ventral IFG underactivation and increased activation in posterior default mode network relative to controls, but had disorder-specific overactivation in anterior default mode regions, in dorsal anterior cingulate for ADHD and in anterior ventromedial prefrontal cortex for OCD. In sum, ADHD and OCD patients showed mostly disorder-specific patterns of brain abnormalities in both task positive salience/ventral attention networks with lateral frontal deficits in ADHD and middle ACC deficits in OCD, as well as in their deactivation patterns in medial frontal DMN regions. The findings suggest that attention performance in the two disorders is underpinned by disorder-specific activation patterns.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	181–193
Journal	NeuroImage: Clinical
Volume	15
Early online date	19 Apr 2017
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.013
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 19 Apr 2017

Keywords

adhd; ocd; SUSTAINED ATTENTION; FMRI

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Norman, L. J., Carlisi, C., Cubillo, A., Christakou, A., Murphy, C. M., Chantiluke, K. C., Simmons, A., Giampietro, V. P., Brammer, M. J., Mataix-Cols, D., & Rubia, K. (2017). Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder. NeuroImage: Clinical, 15, 181–193. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.013

@article{abb7146692f1405e81bbf80c10a9b8eb,

title = "Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder",

abstract = "Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and obsessive/compulsive disorder (OCD) share problems with sustained attention, and are proposed to share deficits in switching between default mode and task positive networks. The aim of this study was to investigate shared and disorder-specific brain activation abnormalities during sustained attention in the two disorders. Twenty boys with ADHD, 20 boys with OCD and 20 age-matched healthy controls aged between 12-18 years completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) version of a parametrically modulated sustained attention task with a progressively increasing sustained attention load. Performance and brain activation were compared between groups. Only ADHD patients were impaired in performance. Group by sustained attention load interaction effects showed that OCD patients had disorder-specific middle anterior cingulate underactivation relative to controls and ADHD patients, while ADHD patients showed disorder-specific underactivation in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex/dorsal inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). ADHD and OCD patients shared left insula/ventral IFG underactivation and increased activation in posterior default mode network relative to controls, but had disorder-specific overactivation in anterior default mode regions, in dorsal anterior cingulate for ADHD and in anterior ventromedial prefrontal cortex for OCD. In sum, ADHD and OCD patients showed mostly disorder-specific patterns of brain abnormalities in both task positive salience/ventral attention networks with lateral frontal deficits in ADHD and middle ACC deficits in OCD, as well as in their deactivation patterns in medial frontal DMN regions. The findings suggest that attention performance in the two disorders is underpinned by disorder-specific activation patterns.",

keywords = "adhd; ocd; SUSTAINED ATTENTION; FMRI",

author = "Norman, {Luke Joseph} and Christina Carlisi and Ana Cubillo and Anastasia Christakou and Murphy, {Clodagh Mary} and Chantiluke, {Kaylita Charlene} and Andrew Simmons and Giampietro, {Vincent Pierre} and Brammer, {Michael John} and David Mataix-Cols and Katya Rubia",

year = "2017",

month = apr,

day = "19",

doi = "10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.013",

language = "English",

volume = "15",

pages = "181–193",

journal = "NeuroImage: Clinical",

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Norman, LJ , Carlisi, C , Cubillo, A, Christakou, A, Murphy, CM , Chantiluke, KC , Simmons, A , Giampietro, VP , Brammer, MJ, Mataix-Cols, D & Rubia, K 2017, 'Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder', NeuroImage: Clinical, vol. 15, pp. 181–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.013

Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder. / Norman, Luke Joseph ; Carlisi, Christina ; Cubillo, Ana et al.
In: NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol. 15, 19.04.2017, p. 181–193.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder

AU - Norman, Luke Joseph

AU - Carlisi, Christina

AU - Cubillo, Ana

AU - Christakou, Anastasia

AU - Murphy, Clodagh Mary

AU - Chantiluke, Kaylita Charlene

AU - Simmons, Andrew

AU - Giampietro, Vincent Pierre

AU - Brammer, Michael John

AU - Mataix-Cols, David

AU - Rubia, Katya

PY - 2017/4/19

Y1 - 2017/4/19

N2 - Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and obsessive/compulsive disorder (OCD) share problems with sustained attention, and are proposed to share deficits in switching between default mode and task positive networks. The aim of this study was to investigate shared and disorder-specific brain activation abnormalities during sustained attention in the two disorders. Twenty boys with ADHD, 20 boys with OCD and 20 age-matched healthy controls aged between 12-18 years completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) version of a parametrically modulated sustained attention task with a progressively increasing sustained attention load. Performance and brain activation were compared between groups. Only ADHD patients were impaired in performance. Group by sustained attention load interaction effects showed that OCD patients had disorder-specific middle anterior cingulate underactivation relative to controls and ADHD patients, while ADHD patients showed disorder-specific underactivation in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex/dorsal inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). ADHD and OCD patients shared left insula/ventral IFG underactivation and increased activation in posterior default mode network relative to controls, but had disorder-specific overactivation in anterior default mode regions, in dorsal anterior cingulate for ADHD and in anterior ventromedial prefrontal cortex for OCD. In sum, ADHD and OCD patients showed mostly disorder-specific patterns of brain abnormalities in both task positive salience/ventral attention networks with lateral frontal deficits in ADHD and middle ACC deficits in OCD, as well as in their deactivation patterns in medial frontal DMN regions. The findings suggest that attention performance in the two disorders is underpinned by disorder-specific activation patterns.

AB - Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and obsessive/compulsive disorder (OCD) share problems with sustained attention, and are proposed to share deficits in switching between default mode and task positive networks. The aim of this study was to investigate shared and disorder-specific brain activation abnormalities during sustained attention in the two disorders. Twenty boys with ADHD, 20 boys with OCD and 20 age-matched healthy controls aged between 12-18 years completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) version of a parametrically modulated sustained attention task with a progressively increasing sustained attention load. Performance and brain activation were compared between groups. Only ADHD patients were impaired in performance. Group by sustained attention load interaction effects showed that OCD patients had disorder-specific middle anterior cingulate underactivation relative to controls and ADHD patients, while ADHD patients showed disorder-specific underactivation in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex/dorsal inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). ADHD and OCD patients shared left insula/ventral IFG underactivation and increased activation in posterior default mode network relative to controls, but had disorder-specific overactivation in anterior default mode regions, in dorsal anterior cingulate for ADHD and in anterior ventromedial prefrontal cortex for OCD. In sum, ADHD and OCD patients showed mostly disorder-specific patterns of brain abnormalities in both task positive salience/ventral attention networks with lateral frontal deficits in ADHD and middle ACC deficits in OCD, as well as in their deactivation patterns in medial frontal DMN regions. The findings suggest that attention performance in the two disorders is underpinned by disorder-specific activation patterns.

KW - adhd; ocd; SUSTAINED ATTENTION; FMRI

U2 - 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.013

DO - 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.013

M3 - Article

SN - 2213-1582

VL - 15

SP - 181

EP - 193

JO - NeuroImage: Clinical

JF - NeuroImage: Clinical

ER -

Norman LJ , Carlisi C , Cubillo A, Christakou A, Murphy CM , Chantiluke KC et al. Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder. NeuroImage: Clinical. 2017 Apr 19;15:181–193. Epub 2017 Apr 19. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.013

Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder

Abstract

Keywords

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