Social disadvantage, linguistic distance, ethnic minority status and first-episode psychosis: Results from the EU-GEI case-control study

Hannah E. Jongsma; Charlotte Gayer-Anderson; Ilaria Tarricone; Eva Velthorst; Els Van Der Ven; Diego Quattrone; Marta Di Forti; Paulo Rossi Menezes; Christina Marta Del-Ben; Celso Arango; Antonio Lasalvia; Domenico Berardi; Caterina La Cascia; Julio Bobes; Miguel Bernardo; Julio Sanjuán; Jose Luis Santos; Manuel Arrojo; Lieuwe De Haan; Andrea Tortelli; Andrei Szöke; Robin M. Murray; Bart P. Rutten; Jim Van Os; Craig Morgan; Peter B. Jones; James B. Kirkbride

doi:10.1017/S003329172000029X

Social disadvantage, linguistic distance, ethnic minority status and first-episode psychosis: Results from the EU-GEI case-control study

Hannah E. Jongsma^*, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Ilaria Tarricone, Eva Velthorst, Els Van Der Ven, Diego Quattrone, Marta Di Forti, Paulo Rossi Menezes, Christina Marta Del-Ben, Celso Arango, Antonio Lasalvia, Domenico Berardi, Caterina La Cascia, Julio Bobes, Miguel Bernardo, Julio Sanjuán, Jose Luis Santos, Manuel Arrojo, Lieuwe De Haan, Andrea TortelliAndrei Szöke, Robin M. Murray, Bart P. Rutten, Jim Van Os, Craig Morgan, Peter B. Jones, James B. Kirkbride

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

BackgroundEthnic minority groups in Western countries face an increased risk of psychotic disorders. Causes of this long-standing public health inequality remain poorly understood. We investigated whether social disadvantage, linguistic distance and discrimination contributed to these patterns.MethodsWe used case-control data from the EUropean network of national schizophrenia networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study, carried out in 16 centres in six countries. We recruited 1130 cases and 1497 population-based controls. Our main outcome measure was first-episode ICD-10 psychotic disorder (F20-F33), and exposures were ethnicity (white majority, black, mixed, Asian, North-African, white minority and other), generational status, social disadvantage, linguistic distance and discrimination. Age, sex, paternal age, cannabis use, childhood trauma and parental history of psychosis were included as a priori confounders. Exposures and confounders were added sequentially to multivariable logistic models, following multiple imputation for missing data.ResultsParticipants from any ethnic minority background had crude excess odds of psychosis [odds ratio (OR) 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.69-2.43], which remained after adjustment for confounders (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.31-1.98). This was progressively attenuated following further adjustment for social disadvantage (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.22-1.89) and linguistic distance (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.95-1.57), a pattern mirrored in several specific ethnic groups. Linguistic distance and social disadvantage had stronger effects for first- A nd later-generation groups, respectively.ConclusionSocial disadvantage and linguistic distance, two potential markers of sociocultural exclusion, were associated with increased odds of psychotic disorder, and adjusting for these led to equivocal risk between several ethnic minority groups and the white majority.

Original language	English
Journal	Psychological Medicine
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000029X
Publication status	Accepted/In press - 1 Jan 2020

Keywords

Discrimination
epidemiology
ethnicity
psychotic disorders
social disadvantage

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1017/S003329172000029X

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Jongsma, H. E., Gayer-Anderson, C., Tarricone, I., Velthorst, E., Van Der Ven, E., Quattrone, D., Di Forti, M., Menezes, P. R., Del-Ben, C. M., Arango, C., Lasalvia, A., Berardi, D., La Cascia, C., Bobes, J., Bernardo, M., Sanjuán, J., Santos, J. L., Arrojo, M., De Haan, L., ... Kirkbride, J. B. (Accepted/In press). Social disadvantage, linguistic distance, ethnic minority status and first-episode psychosis: Results from the EU-GEI case-control study. Psychological Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000029X

@article{802c85623cd04b1daf3f3d8cd8ed37ce,

title = "Social disadvantage, linguistic distance, ethnic minority status and first-episode psychosis: Results from the EU-GEI case-control study",

abstract = "BackgroundEthnic minority groups in Western countries face an increased risk of psychotic disorders. Causes of this long-standing public health inequality remain poorly understood. We investigated whether social disadvantage, linguistic distance and discrimination contributed to these patterns.MethodsWe used case-control data from the EUropean network of national schizophrenia networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study, carried out in 16 centres in six countries. We recruited 1130 cases and 1497 population-based controls. Our main outcome measure was first-episode ICD-10 psychotic disorder (F20-F33), and exposures were ethnicity (white majority, black, mixed, Asian, North-African, white minority and other), generational status, social disadvantage, linguistic distance and discrimination. Age, sex, paternal age, cannabis use, childhood trauma and parental history of psychosis were included as a priori confounders. Exposures and confounders were added sequentially to multivariable logistic models, following multiple imputation for missing data.ResultsParticipants from any ethnic minority background had crude excess odds of psychosis [odds ratio (OR) 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.69-2.43], which remained after adjustment for confounders (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.31-1.98). This was progressively attenuated following further adjustment for social disadvantage (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.22-1.89) and linguistic distance (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.95-1.57), a pattern mirrored in several specific ethnic groups. Linguistic distance and social disadvantage had stronger effects for first- A nd later-generation groups, respectively.ConclusionSocial disadvantage and linguistic distance, two potential markers of sociocultural exclusion, were associated with increased odds of psychotic disorder, and adjusting for these led to equivocal risk between several ethnic minority groups and the white majority.",

keywords = "Discrimination, epidemiology, ethnicity, psychotic disorders, social disadvantage",

author = "Jongsma, {Hannah E.} and Charlotte Gayer-Anderson and Ilaria Tarricone and Eva Velthorst and {Van Der Ven}, Els and Diego Quattrone and {Di Forti}, Marta and Menezes, {Paulo Rossi} and Del-Ben, {Christina Marta} and Celso Arango and Antonio Lasalvia and Domenico Berardi and {La Cascia}, Caterina and Julio Bobes and Miguel Bernardo and Julio Sanju{\'a}n and Santos, {Jose Luis} and Manuel Arrojo and {De Haan}, Lieuwe and Andrea Tortelli and Andrei Sz{\"o}ke and Murray, {Robin M.} and Rutten, {Bart P.} and {Van Os}, Jim and Craig Morgan and Jones, {Peter B.} and Kirkbride, {James B.}",

year = "2020",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1017/S003329172000029X",

language = "English",

journal = "Psychological Medicine",

issn = "0033-2917",

publisher = "Cambridge University Press",

}

Jongsma, HE, Gayer-Anderson, C , Tarricone, I, Velthorst, E, Van Der Ven, E, Quattrone, D , Di Forti, M, Menezes, PR, Del-Ben, CM, Arango, C, Lasalvia, A, Berardi, D, La Cascia, C, Bobes, J, Bernardo, M, Sanjuán, J, Santos, JL, Arrojo, M, De Haan, L, Tortelli, A, Szöke, A, Murray, RM, Rutten, BP, Van Os, J , Morgan, C, Jones, PB & Kirkbride, JB 2020, 'Social disadvantage, linguistic distance, ethnic minority status and first-episode psychosis: Results from the EU-GEI case-control study', Psychological Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000029X

TY - JOUR

T1 - Social disadvantage, linguistic distance, ethnic minority status and first-episode psychosis

T2 - Results from the EU-GEI case-control study

AU - Jongsma, Hannah E.

AU - Gayer-Anderson, Charlotte

AU - Tarricone, Ilaria

AU - Velthorst, Eva

AU - Van Der Ven, Els

AU - Quattrone, Diego

AU - Di Forti, Marta

AU - Menezes, Paulo Rossi

AU - Del-Ben, Christina Marta

AU - Arango, Celso

AU - Lasalvia, Antonio

AU - Berardi, Domenico

AU - La Cascia, Caterina

AU - Bobes, Julio

AU - Bernardo, Miguel

AU - Sanjuán, Julio

AU - Santos, Jose Luis

AU - Arrojo, Manuel

AU - De Haan, Lieuwe

AU - Tortelli, Andrea

AU - Szöke, Andrei

AU - Murray, Robin M.

AU - Rutten, Bart P.

AU - Van Os, Jim

AU - Morgan, Craig

AU - Jones, Peter B.

AU - Kirkbride, James B.

PY - 2020/1/1

Y1 - 2020/1/1

N2 - BackgroundEthnic minority groups in Western countries face an increased risk of psychotic disorders. Causes of this long-standing public health inequality remain poorly understood. We investigated whether social disadvantage, linguistic distance and discrimination contributed to these patterns.MethodsWe used case-control data from the EUropean network of national schizophrenia networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study, carried out in 16 centres in six countries. We recruited 1130 cases and 1497 population-based controls. Our main outcome measure was first-episode ICD-10 psychotic disorder (F20-F33), and exposures were ethnicity (white majority, black, mixed, Asian, North-African, white minority and other), generational status, social disadvantage, linguistic distance and discrimination. Age, sex, paternal age, cannabis use, childhood trauma and parental history of psychosis were included as a priori confounders. Exposures and confounders were added sequentially to multivariable logistic models, following multiple imputation for missing data.ResultsParticipants from any ethnic minority background had crude excess odds of psychosis [odds ratio (OR) 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.69-2.43], which remained after adjustment for confounders (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.31-1.98). This was progressively attenuated following further adjustment for social disadvantage (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.22-1.89) and linguistic distance (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.95-1.57), a pattern mirrored in several specific ethnic groups. Linguistic distance and social disadvantage had stronger effects for first- A nd later-generation groups, respectively.ConclusionSocial disadvantage and linguistic distance, two potential markers of sociocultural exclusion, were associated with increased odds of psychotic disorder, and adjusting for these led to equivocal risk between several ethnic minority groups and the white majority.

AB - BackgroundEthnic minority groups in Western countries face an increased risk of psychotic disorders. Causes of this long-standing public health inequality remain poorly understood. We investigated whether social disadvantage, linguistic distance and discrimination contributed to these patterns.MethodsWe used case-control data from the EUropean network of national schizophrenia networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study, carried out in 16 centres in six countries. We recruited 1130 cases and 1497 population-based controls. Our main outcome measure was first-episode ICD-10 psychotic disorder (F20-F33), and exposures were ethnicity (white majority, black, mixed, Asian, North-African, white minority and other), generational status, social disadvantage, linguistic distance and discrimination. Age, sex, paternal age, cannabis use, childhood trauma and parental history of psychosis were included as a priori confounders. Exposures and confounders were added sequentially to multivariable logistic models, following multiple imputation for missing data.ResultsParticipants from any ethnic minority background had crude excess odds of psychosis [odds ratio (OR) 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.69-2.43], which remained after adjustment for confounders (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.31-1.98). This was progressively attenuated following further adjustment for social disadvantage (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.22-1.89) and linguistic distance (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.95-1.57), a pattern mirrored in several specific ethnic groups. Linguistic distance and social disadvantage had stronger effects for first- A nd later-generation groups, respectively.ConclusionSocial disadvantage and linguistic distance, two potential markers of sociocultural exclusion, were associated with increased odds of psychotic disorder, and adjusting for these led to equivocal risk between several ethnic minority groups and the white majority.

KW - Discrimination

KW - epidemiology

KW - ethnicity

KW - psychotic disorders

KW - social disadvantage

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85081607960&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1017/S003329172000029X

DO - 10.1017/S003329172000029X

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85081607960

SN - 0033-2917

JO - Psychological Medicine

JF - Psychological Medicine

ER -

Social disadvantage, linguistic distance, ethnic minority status and first-episode psychosis: Results from the EU-GEI case-control study

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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