Socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences: exploring potential mechanisms in a UK longitudinal cohort

Joanne Newbury; Louise Arseneault; Terrie Moffitt; Candice Odgers; Laura D Howe; Ioannis Bakolis; Aaron Reuben; Andrea Danese; K Sugden; B Williams; Line Jee Hartmann Rasmussen; A. Trotta; Antony Ambler; Helen Fisher

doi:10.1093/schbul/sbad017

Socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences: exploring potential mechanisms in a UK longitudinal cohort

Joanne Newbury, Louise Arseneault, Terrie Moffitt, Candice Odgers, Laura D Howe, Ioannis Bakolis, Aaron Reuben, Andrea Danese, K Sugden, B Williams, Line Jee Hartmann Rasmussen, A. Trotta, Antony Ambler, Helen Fisher^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Children exposed to socioenvironmental adversities (eg, urbanicity, pollution, neighborhood deprivation, crime, and family disadvantage) are more likely to subsequently develop subclinical psychotic experiences during adolescence (eg, hearing voices, paranoia). However, the pathways through which this occurs have not been previously investigated. We hypothesized that cognitive ability and inflammation would partly explain this association. STUDY DESIGN: Data were utilized from the Environmental-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a cohort of 2232 children born in 1994-1995 in England and Wales and followed to age 18. Socioenvironmental adversities were measured from birth to age 10 and classified into physical risk (defined by high urbanicity and air pollution) and socioeconomic risk (defined by high neighborhood deprivation, neighborhood disorder, and family disadvantage). Cognitive abilities (overall, crystallized, fluid, and working memory) were assessed at age 12; and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor) were measured at age 18 from blood samples. Participants were interviewed at age 18 regarding psychotic experiences. STUDY RESULTS: Higher physical risk and socioeconomic risk were associated with increased odds of psychotic experiences in adolescence. The largest mediation pathways were from socioeconomic risk via overall cognitive ability and crystallized ability, which accounted for ~11% and ~19% of the association with psychotic experiences, respectively. No statistically significant pathways were found via inflammatory markers in exploratory (partially cross-sectional) analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive ability, especially crystallized ability, may partly explain the association between childhood socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences. Interventions to support cognitive development among children living in disadvantaged settings could buffer them against developing subclinical psychotic phenomena.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1042-1054
Number of pages	13
Journal	Schizophrenia Bulletin
Volume	49
Issue number	4
Early online date	19 Mar 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad017
Publication status	Published - 4 Jul 2023

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Newbury et al mediation of socioenvironment risk-PEs association AAMAccepted author manuscript, 711 KB

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Newbury, J., Arseneault, L., Moffitt, T., Odgers, C., Howe, L. D., Bakolis, I., Reuben, A., Danese, A., Sugden, K., Williams, B., Rasmussen, L. J. H., Trotta, A., Ambler, A., & Fisher, H. (2023). Socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences: exploring potential mechanisms in a UK longitudinal cohort. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 49(4), 1042-1054. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad017

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title = "Socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences: exploring potential mechanisms in a UK longitudinal cohort",

abstract = "BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Children exposed to socioenvironmental adversities (eg, urbanicity, pollution, neighborhood deprivation, crime, and family disadvantage) are more likely to subsequently develop subclinical psychotic experiences during adolescence (eg, hearing voices, paranoia). However, the pathways through which this occurs have not been previously investigated. We hypothesized that cognitive ability and inflammation would partly explain this association. STUDY DESIGN: Data were utilized from the Environmental-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a cohort of 2232 children born in 1994-1995 in England and Wales and followed to age 18. Socioenvironmental adversities were measured from birth to age 10 and classified into physical risk (defined by high urbanicity and air pollution) and socioeconomic risk (defined by high neighborhood deprivation, neighborhood disorder, and family disadvantage). Cognitive abilities (overall, crystallized, fluid, and working memory) were assessed at age 12; and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor) were measured at age 18 from blood samples. Participants were interviewed at age 18 regarding psychotic experiences. STUDY RESULTS: Higher physical risk and socioeconomic risk were associated with increased odds of psychotic experiences in adolescence. The largest mediation pathways were from socioeconomic risk via overall cognitive ability and crystallized ability, which accounted for ~11% and ~19% of the association with psychotic experiences, respectively. No statistically significant pathways were found via inflammatory markers in exploratory (partially cross-sectional) analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive ability, especially crystallized ability, may partly explain the association between childhood socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences. Interventions to support cognitive development among children living in disadvantaged settings could buffer them against developing subclinical psychotic phenomena.",

author = "Joanne Newbury and Louise Arseneault and Terrie Moffitt and Candice Odgers and Howe, {Laura D} and Ioannis Bakolis and Aaron Reuben and Andrea Danese and K Sugden and B Williams and Rasmussen, {Line Jee Hartmann} and A. Trotta and Antony Ambler and Helen Fisher",

note = "Funding Information: The E-Risk Study was supported by a grant from the Medical Research Council [G1002190]. Additional support was provided by the U.S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD077482]; the Jacobs Foundation; and the King{\textquoteright}s Together Multi and Interdisciplinary Research Scheme (Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund [204823/Z/16/Z]). This work was also supported by a Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust [218632/Z/19/Z] to J.B.N.; a grant from the US-National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [F31ES029358] to A.R.; fellowships from the Jacobs Foundation and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research to C.L.O.; a fellowship from the Lundbeck Foundation [R288-2018-380] to L.J.H.R.; and a grant from the Medical Research Council [MR/M020894/1] to L.D.H. H.L.F. was part support by the UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Centre for Society and Mental Health at King{\textquoteright}s College London [ES/S012567/1]. L.A. is the Mental Health Leadership Fellow for the UK ESRC. A.D. was part funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) in South London and Maudsley National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust and King{\textquoteright}s College London. I.B. is supported by the NIHR Maudsley BRC and by the NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care South London at King{\textquoteright}s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, King{\textquoteright}s College London. For the purpose of Open Access, the authors have applied a CC BY public copyright license to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, the Department of Health and Social Care, the ESRC, or King{\textquoteright}s College London. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center.",

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doi = "10.1093/schbul/sbad017",

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Newbury, J , Arseneault, L , Moffitt, T, Odgers, C, Howe, LD, Bakolis, I, Reuben, A, Danese, A, Sugden, K, Williams, B, Rasmussen, LJH, Trotta, A, Ambler, A & Fisher, H 2023, 'Socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences: exploring potential mechanisms in a UK longitudinal cohort', Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 1042-1054. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad017

TY - JOUR

T1 - Socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences: exploring potential mechanisms in a UK longitudinal cohort

AU - Newbury, Joanne

AU - Arseneault, Louise

AU - Moffitt, Terrie

AU - Odgers, Candice

AU - Howe, Laura D

AU - Bakolis, Ioannis

AU - Reuben, Aaron

AU - Danese, Andrea

AU - Sugden, K

AU - Williams, B

AU - Rasmussen, Line Jee Hartmann

AU - Trotta, A.

AU - Ambler, Antony

AU - Fisher, Helen

N1 - Funding Information: The E-Risk Study was supported by a grant from the Medical Research Council [G1002190]. Additional support was provided by the U.S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD077482]; the Jacobs Foundation; and the King’s Together Multi and Interdisciplinary Research Scheme (Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund [204823/Z/16/Z]). This work was also supported by a Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust [218632/Z/19/Z] to J.B.N.; a grant from the US-National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [F31ES029358] to A.R.; fellowships from the Jacobs Foundation and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research to C.L.O.; a fellowship from the Lundbeck Foundation [R288-2018-380] to L.J.H.R.; and a grant from the Medical Research Council [MR/M020894/1] to L.D.H. H.L.F. was part support by the UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Centre for Society and Mental Health at King’s College London [ES/S012567/1]. L.A. is the Mental Health Leadership Fellow for the UK ESRC. A.D. was part funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) in South London and Maudsley National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust and King’s College London. I.B. is supported by the NIHR Maudsley BRC and by the NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care South London at King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, King’s College London. For the purpose of Open Access, the authors have applied a CC BY public copyright license to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, the Department of Health and Social Care, the ESRC, or King’s College London. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center.

PY - 2023/7/4

Y1 - 2023/7/4

N2 - BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Children exposed to socioenvironmental adversities (eg, urbanicity, pollution, neighborhood deprivation, crime, and family disadvantage) are more likely to subsequently develop subclinical psychotic experiences during adolescence (eg, hearing voices, paranoia). However, the pathways through which this occurs have not been previously investigated. We hypothesized that cognitive ability and inflammation would partly explain this association. STUDY DESIGN: Data were utilized from the Environmental-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a cohort of 2232 children born in 1994-1995 in England and Wales and followed to age 18. Socioenvironmental adversities were measured from birth to age 10 and classified into physical risk (defined by high urbanicity and air pollution) and socioeconomic risk (defined by high neighborhood deprivation, neighborhood disorder, and family disadvantage). Cognitive abilities (overall, crystallized, fluid, and working memory) were assessed at age 12; and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor) were measured at age 18 from blood samples. Participants were interviewed at age 18 regarding psychotic experiences. STUDY RESULTS: Higher physical risk and socioeconomic risk were associated with increased odds of psychotic experiences in adolescence. The largest mediation pathways were from socioeconomic risk via overall cognitive ability and crystallized ability, which accounted for ~11% and ~19% of the association with psychotic experiences, respectively. No statistically significant pathways were found via inflammatory markers in exploratory (partially cross-sectional) analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive ability, especially crystallized ability, may partly explain the association between childhood socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences. Interventions to support cognitive development among children living in disadvantaged settings could buffer them against developing subclinical psychotic phenomena.

AB - BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Children exposed to socioenvironmental adversities (eg, urbanicity, pollution, neighborhood deprivation, crime, and family disadvantage) are more likely to subsequently develop subclinical psychotic experiences during adolescence (eg, hearing voices, paranoia). However, the pathways through which this occurs have not been previously investigated. We hypothesized that cognitive ability and inflammation would partly explain this association. STUDY DESIGN: Data were utilized from the Environmental-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a cohort of 2232 children born in 1994-1995 in England and Wales and followed to age 18. Socioenvironmental adversities were measured from birth to age 10 and classified into physical risk (defined by high urbanicity and air pollution) and socioeconomic risk (defined by high neighborhood deprivation, neighborhood disorder, and family disadvantage). Cognitive abilities (overall, crystallized, fluid, and working memory) were assessed at age 12; and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor) were measured at age 18 from blood samples. Participants were interviewed at age 18 regarding psychotic experiences. STUDY RESULTS: Higher physical risk and socioeconomic risk were associated with increased odds of psychotic experiences in adolescence. The largest mediation pathways were from socioeconomic risk via overall cognitive ability and crystallized ability, which accounted for ~11% and ~19% of the association with psychotic experiences, respectively. No statistically significant pathways were found via inflammatory markers in exploratory (partially cross-sectional) analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive ability, especially crystallized ability, may partly explain the association between childhood socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences. Interventions to support cognitive development among children living in disadvantaged settings could buffer them against developing subclinical psychotic phenomena.

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U2 - 10.1093/schbul/sbad017

DO - 10.1093/schbul/sbad017

M3 - Article

SN - 0586-7614

VL - 49

SP - 1042

EP - 1054

JO - Schizophrenia Bulletin

JF - Schizophrenia Bulletin

IS - 4

ER -

Socioenvironmental adversity and adolescent psychotic experiences: exploring potential mechanisms in a UK longitudinal cohort

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