Systematic review of the long-term effects of postnatal corticosteroids

Allan Jenkinson; Ourania Kaltsogianni; Theodore Dassios; Anne Greenough

doi:10.1515/jpm-2023-0297

Systematic review of the long-term effects of postnatal corticosteroids

Allan Jenkinson, Ourania Kaltsogianni, Theodore Dassios, Anne Greenough

Women & Children's Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

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Abstract

Background: Dexamethasone administration can reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia, our objective was to identify long term adverse effects. Content: A systematic review was performed to determine the childhood and adolescent cardiopulmonary and cognitive effects of dexamethasone systemically administered to preterm infants during neonatal intensive care. Relevant studies were identified by searching two electronic health databases and the grey literature. Spirometry assessments were used as respiratory outcomes, blood pressure and echocardiography assessments as cardiovascular outcomes and cognitive and motor function as cognitive outcomes. From 1,479 articles initially identified, 18 studies (overall 1,609 patients) were included (respiratory n=8, cardiovascular n=2, cognitive n=10); all were observational cohort studies. Dexamethasone exposure was associated with worse pulmonary outcomes in children and adolescents (more abnormal FVC and FEV1:FVC z scores). Dexamethasone exposure was associated in one study with lower IQ scores compared to preterm controls (mean 78.2 [SD 15.0] vs. 84.4 [12.6], [p=0.008]) and in two others was associated with lower total and performance IQ when compared to term controls (p<0.001). Summary and outlook: Postnatal dexamethasone exposure has a negative influence on pulmonary and cognitive outcomes in childhood and adolescence. Medications with a better benefit to risk profile need to be identified.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1120-1128
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of Perinatal Medicine
Volume	51
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2023-0297
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2023

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title = "Systematic review of the long-term effects of postnatal corticosteroids",

abstract = "Background: Dexamethasone administration can reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia, our objective was to identify long term adverse effects. Content: A systematic review was performed to determine the childhood and adolescent cardiopulmonary and cognitive effects of dexamethasone systemically administered to preterm infants during neonatal intensive care. Relevant studies were identified by searching two electronic health databases and the grey literature. Spirometry assessments were used as respiratory outcomes, blood pressure and echocardiography assessments as cardiovascular outcomes and cognitive and motor function as cognitive outcomes. From 1,479 articles initially identified, 18 studies (overall 1,609 patients) were included (respiratory n=8, cardiovascular n=2, cognitive n=10); all were observational cohort studies. Dexamethasone exposure was associated with worse pulmonary outcomes in children and adolescents (more abnormal FVC and FEV1:FVC z scores). Dexamethasone exposure was associated in one study with lower IQ scores compared to preterm controls (mean 78.2 [SD 15.0] vs. 84.4 [12.6], [p=0.008]) and in two others was associated with lower total and performance IQ when compared to term controls (p<0.001). Summary and outlook: Postnatal dexamethasone exposure has a negative influence on pulmonary and cognitive outcomes in childhood and adolescence. Medications with a better benefit to risk profile need to be identified.",

author = "Allan Jenkinson and Ourania Kaltsogianni and Theodore Dassios and Anne Greenough",

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N2 - Background: Dexamethasone administration can reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia, our objective was to identify long term adverse effects. Content: A systematic review was performed to determine the childhood and adolescent cardiopulmonary and cognitive effects of dexamethasone systemically administered to preterm infants during neonatal intensive care. Relevant studies were identified by searching two electronic health databases and the grey literature. Spirometry assessments were used as respiratory outcomes, blood pressure and echocardiography assessments as cardiovascular outcomes and cognitive and motor function as cognitive outcomes. From 1,479 articles initially identified, 18 studies (overall 1,609 patients) were included (respiratory n=8, cardiovascular n=2, cognitive n=10); all were observational cohort studies. Dexamethasone exposure was associated with worse pulmonary outcomes in children and adolescents (more abnormal FVC and FEV1:FVC z scores). Dexamethasone exposure was associated in one study with lower IQ scores compared to preterm controls (mean 78.2 [SD 15.0] vs. 84.4 [12.6], [p=0.008]) and in two others was associated with lower total and performance IQ when compared to term controls (p<0.001). Summary and outlook: Postnatal dexamethasone exposure has a negative influence on pulmonary and cognitive outcomes in childhood and adolescence. Medications with a better benefit to risk profile need to be identified.

AB - Background: Dexamethasone administration can reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia, our objective was to identify long term adverse effects. Content: A systematic review was performed to determine the childhood and adolescent cardiopulmonary and cognitive effects of dexamethasone systemically administered to preterm infants during neonatal intensive care. Relevant studies were identified by searching two electronic health databases and the grey literature. Spirometry assessments were used as respiratory outcomes, blood pressure and echocardiography assessments as cardiovascular outcomes and cognitive and motor function as cognitive outcomes. From 1,479 articles initially identified, 18 studies (overall 1,609 patients) were included (respiratory n=8, cardiovascular n=2, cognitive n=10); all were observational cohort studies. Dexamethasone exposure was associated with worse pulmonary outcomes in children and adolescents (more abnormal FVC and FEV1:FVC z scores). Dexamethasone exposure was associated in one study with lower IQ scores compared to preterm controls (mean 78.2 [SD 15.0] vs. 84.4 [12.6], [p=0.008]) and in two others was associated with lower total and performance IQ when compared to term controls (p<0.001). Summary and outlook: Postnatal dexamethasone exposure has a negative influence on pulmonary and cognitive outcomes in childhood and adolescence. Medications with a better benefit to risk profile need to be identified.

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Systematic review of the long-term effects of postnatal corticosteroids

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