The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Lancet Psychiatry

Nicolás A Crossley; Luz María Alliende; Leticia S Czepielewski; David Aceituno; Carmen Paz Castañeda; Camila Diaz; Barbara Iruretagoyena; Carlos Mena; Cristian Mena; Juan Pablo Ramirez-Mahaluf; Angeles Tepper; Javiera Vasquez; Lais Fonseca; Viviane Machado; Camilo E Hernández; Cristian Vargas-Upegui; Gladys Gomez-Cruz; Luis F Kobayashi-Romero; Tomas Moncada-Habib; Celso Arango; Deanna M Barch; Cameron Carter; Christoph U Correll; Nelson B Freimer; Philip McGuire; Sara Evans-Lacko; Eduardo Undurraga; Rodrigo Bressan; Clarissa S Gama; Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo; Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval; Alfonso Gonzalez-Valderrama; Juan Undurraga; Ary Gadelha

doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00121-3

The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Lancet Psychiatry

Nicolás A Crossley, Luz María Alliende, Leticia S Czepielewski, David Aceituno, Carmen Paz Castañeda, Camila Diaz, Barbara Iruretagoyena, Carlos Mena, Cristian Mena, Juan Pablo Ramirez-Mahaluf, Angeles Tepper, Javiera Vasquez, Lais Fonseca, Viviane Machado, Camilo E Hernández, Cristian Vargas-Upegui, Gladys Gomez-Cruz, Luis F Kobayashi-Romero, Tomas Moncada-Habib, Celso ArangoDeanna M Barch, Cameron Carter, Christoph U Correll, Nelson B Freimer, Philip McGuire, Sara Evans-Lacko, Eduardo Undurraga, Rodrigo Bressan, Clarissa S Gama, Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo, Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval, Alfonso Gonzalez-Valderrama, Juan Undurraga, Ary Gadelha

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Educational attainment is associated with wellbeing and health, but patients with schizophrenia achieve lower levels of education than people without. Several effective interventions can ameliorate this situation. However, the magnitude of the education gap in schizophrenia and its change over time are unclear. We aimed to reconstruct the trajectories of educational attainment in patients with schizophrenia and, if reported, their healthy comparator controls. METHODS: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis including all studies reporting on patients with schizophrenia (of mean age ≥18 years) and describing the number of years of education of the participants, with or without healthy controls. There were no other design constraints on studies. We excluded studies that included only patients with other schizophrenia spectrum disorders and studies that did not specify the number of years of education of the participants. 22 reviewers participated in retrieving data from a search in PubMed and PsycINFO (Jan 1, 1970, to Nov 24, 2020). We estimated the birth date of participants from their mean age and publication date, and meta-analysed these data using random-effects models, focusing on educational attainment, the education gap, and changes over time. The primary outcome was years of education. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020220546). FINDINGS: From 32 593 initial references, we included 3321 studies reporting on 318 632 patients alongside 138 675 healthy controls (170 941 women and 275 821 men from studies describing sex or gender; data on ethnicity were not collected). Patients' educational attainment increased over time, mirroring that of controls. However, patients with schizophrenia in high-income countries had 19 months less education than controls (-1·59 years, 95% CI -1·66 to -1·53; p

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	565-573
Number of pages	9
Journal	The lancet. Psychiatry
Volume	9
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00121-3
Publication status	Published - 2022

Keywords

# Read it
5. Publications
3. Empirical/3.3 Clinical psychiatry/Psychotic disorders

Access to Document

10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00121-3

Cite this

Crossley, N. A., Alliende, L. M., Czepielewski, L. S., Aceituno, D., Castañeda, C. P., Diaz, C., Iruretagoyena, B., Mena, C., Mena, C., Ramirez-Mahaluf, J. P., Tepper, A., Vasquez, J., Fonseca, L., Machado, V., Hernández, C. E., Vargas-Upegui, C., Gomez-Cruz, G., Kobayashi-Romero, L. F., Moncada-Habib, T., ... Gadelha, A. (2022). The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Lancet Psychiatry. The lancet. Psychiatry, 9(7), 565-573. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00121-3

@article{87dd8803d8ca4ec4a04620c8bece068b,

title = "The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Lancet Psychiatry",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Educational attainment is associated with wellbeing and health, but patients with schizophrenia achieve lower levels of education than people without. Several effective interventions can ameliorate this situation. However, the magnitude of the education gap in schizophrenia and its change over time are unclear. We aimed to reconstruct the trajectories of educational attainment in patients with schizophrenia and, if reported, their healthy comparator controls. METHODS: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis including all studies reporting on patients with schizophrenia (of mean age ≥18 years) and describing the number of years of education of the participants, with or without healthy controls. There were no other design constraints on studies. We excluded studies that included only patients with other schizophrenia spectrum disorders and studies that did not specify the number of years of education of the participants. 22 reviewers participated in retrieving data from a search in PubMed and PsycINFO (Jan 1, 1970, to Nov 24, 2020). We estimated the birth date of participants from their mean age and publication date, and meta-analysed these data using random-effects models, focusing on educational attainment, the education gap, and changes over time. The primary outcome was years of education. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020220546). FINDINGS: From 32 593 initial references, we included 3321 studies reporting on 318 632 patients alongside 138 675 healthy controls (170 941 women and 275 821 men from studies describing sex or gender; data on ethnicity were not collected). Patients' educational attainment increased over time, mirroring that of controls. However, patients with schizophrenia in high-income countries had 19 months less education than controls (-1·59 years, 95% CI -1·66 to -1·53; p",

keywords = "# Read it, 5. Publications, 3. Empirical/3.3 Clinical psychiatry/Psychotic disorders",

author = "Crossley, {Nicol{\'a}s A} and Alliende, {Luz Mar{\'i}a} and Czepielewski, {Leticia S} and David Aceituno and Casta{\~n}eda, {Carmen Paz} and Camila Diaz and Barbara Iruretagoyena and Carlos Mena and Cristian Mena and Ramirez-Mahaluf, {Juan Pablo} and Angeles Tepper and Javiera Vasquez and Lais Fonseca and Viviane Machado and Hern{\'a}ndez, {Camilo E} and Cristian Vargas-Upegui and Gladys Gomez-Cruz and Kobayashi-Romero, {Luis F} and Tomas Moncada-Habib and Celso Arango and Barch, {Deanna M} and Cameron Carter and Correll, {Christoph U} and Freimer, {Nelson B} and Philip McGuire and Sara Evans-Lacko and Eduardo Undurraga and Rodrigo Bressan and Gama, {Clarissa S} and Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo and {de la Fuente-Sandoval}, Camilo and Alfonso Gonzalez-Valderrama and Juan Undurraga and Ary Gadelha",

year = "2022",

doi = "10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00121-3",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

pages = "565--573",

journal = "The lancet. Psychiatry",

issn = "2215-0374",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "7",

}

Crossley, NA, Alliende, LM, Czepielewski, LS, Aceituno, D, Castañeda, CP, Diaz, C, Iruretagoyena, B, Mena, C, Mena, C, Ramirez-Mahaluf, JP, Tepper, A, Vasquez, J, Fonseca, L, Machado, V, Hernández, CE, Vargas-Upegui, C, Gomez-Cruz, G, Kobayashi-Romero, LF, Moncada-Habib, T, Arango, C, Barch, DM, Carter, C, Correll, CU, Freimer, NB, McGuire, P , Evans-Lacko, S, Undurraga, E, Bressan, R, Gama, CS, Lopez-Jaramillo, C, de la Fuente-Sandoval, C, Gonzalez-Valderrama, A, Undurraga, J & Gadelha, A 2022, 'The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Lancet Psychiatry', The lancet. Psychiatry, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 565-573. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00121-3

The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Lancet Psychiatry. / Crossley, Nicolás A; Alliende, Luz María; Czepielewski, Leticia S et al.
In: The lancet. Psychiatry, Vol. 9, No. 7, 2022, p. 565-573.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis

T2 - Lancet Psychiatry

AU - Crossley, Nicolás A

AU - Alliende, Luz María

AU - Czepielewski, Leticia S

AU - Aceituno, David

AU - Castañeda, Carmen Paz

AU - Diaz, Camila

AU - Iruretagoyena, Barbara

AU - Mena, Carlos

AU - Mena, Cristian

AU - Ramirez-Mahaluf, Juan Pablo

AU - Tepper, Angeles

AU - Vasquez, Javiera

AU - Fonseca, Lais

AU - Machado, Viviane

AU - Hernández, Camilo E

AU - Vargas-Upegui, Cristian

AU - Gomez-Cruz, Gladys

AU - Kobayashi-Romero, Luis F

AU - Moncada-Habib, Tomas

AU - Arango, Celso

AU - Barch, Deanna M

AU - Carter, Cameron

AU - Correll, Christoph U

AU - Freimer, Nelson B

AU - McGuire, Philip

AU - Evans-Lacko, Sara

AU - Undurraga, Eduardo

AU - Bressan, Rodrigo

AU - Gama, Clarissa S

AU - Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos

AU - de la Fuente-Sandoval, Camilo

AU - Gonzalez-Valderrama, Alfonso

AU - Undurraga, Juan

AU - Gadelha, Ary

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - BACKGROUND: Educational attainment is associated with wellbeing and health, but patients with schizophrenia achieve lower levels of education than people without. Several effective interventions can ameliorate this situation. However, the magnitude of the education gap in schizophrenia and its change over time are unclear. We aimed to reconstruct the trajectories of educational attainment in patients with schizophrenia and, if reported, their healthy comparator controls. METHODS: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis including all studies reporting on patients with schizophrenia (of mean age ≥18 years) and describing the number of years of education of the participants, with or without healthy controls. There were no other design constraints on studies. We excluded studies that included only patients with other schizophrenia spectrum disorders and studies that did not specify the number of years of education of the participants. 22 reviewers participated in retrieving data from a search in PubMed and PsycINFO (Jan 1, 1970, to Nov 24, 2020). We estimated the birth date of participants from their mean age and publication date, and meta-analysed these data using random-effects models, focusing on educational attainment, the education gap, and changes over time. The primary outcome was years of education. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020220546). FINDINGS: From 32 593 initial references, we included 3321 studies reporting on 318 632 patients alongside 138 675 healthy controls (170 941 women and 275 821 men from studies describing sex or gender; data on ethnicity were not collected). Patients' educational attainment increased over time, mirroring that of controls. However, patients with schizophrenia in high-income countries had 19 months less education than controls (-1·59 years, 95% CI -1·66 to -1·53; p

AB - BACKGROUND: Educational attainment is associated with wellbeing and health, but patients with schizophrenia achieve lower levels of education than people without. Several effective interventions can ameliorate this situation. However, the magnitude of the education gap in schizophrenia and its change over time are unclear. We aimed to reconstruct the trajectories of educational attainment in patients with schizophrenia and, if reported, their healthy comparator controls. METHODS: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis including all studies reporting on patients with schizophrenia (of mean age ≥18 years) and describing the number of years of education of the participants, with or without healthy controls. There were no other design constraints on studies. We excluded studies that included only patients with other schizophrenia spectrum disorders and studies that did not specify the number of years of education of the participants. 22 reviewers participated in retrieving data from a search in PubMed and PsycINFO (Jan 1, 1970, to Nov 24, 2020). We estimated the birth date of participants from their mean age and publication date, and meta-analysed these data using random-effects models, focusing on educational attainment, the education gap, and changes over time. The primary outcome was years of education. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020220546). FINDINGS: From 32 593 initial references, we included 3321 studies reporting on 318 632 patients alongside 138 675 healthy controls (170 941 women and 275 821 men from studies describing sex or gender; data on ethnicity were not collected). Patients' educational attainment increased over time, mirroring that of controls. However, patients with schizophrenia in high-income countries had 19 months less education than controls (-1·59 years, 95% CI -1·66 to -1·53; p

KW - # Read it

KW - 5. Publications

KW - 3. Empirical/3.3 Clinical psychiatry/Psychotic disorders

U2 - 10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00121-3

DO - 10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00121-3

M3 - Article

SN - 2215-0374

VL - 9

SP - 565

EP - 573

JO - The lancet. Psychiatry

JF - The lancet. Psychiatry

IS - 7

ER -

The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Lancet Psychiatry

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this