The Etiological and Predictive Association Between ADHD and Cognitive Performance From Childhood to Young Adulthood

Isabella Vainieri, Giorgia Michelini, Celeste H.M. Cheung, Olakunle A. Oginni, Philip Asherson, Frühling Rijsdijk, Jonna Kuntsi*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)
88 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Objective: Evidence about the etiology of the predictive associations between a diagnosis of ADHD and cognitive performance over time is scarce. Here, we examine these predictive and etiological patterns using a cross-lagged model design in a sample of 404 participants (74% males) from ADHD and control sibling pairs aged 6 to 17 years at baseline and 12 to 24 years at follow-up. Methods: Data included IQ, short-term and working memory measures, and response speed and variability from a four-choice reaction-time task. Results: ADHD and IQ predicted each other over time. ADHD at baseline predicted lower working memory performance at follow-up. Stable etiological influences emerged in the association between ADHD and cognitive variables across time. Conclusion: Whether early interventions can reduce negative interference with learning at school requires further study.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)645-794
JournalJournal of Attention Disorders
Volume27
Issue number7
Early online date11 Apr 2023
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - May 2023

Keywords

  • ADHD
  • cognitive impairments
  • etiological factors

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