The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo): rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics

Christian Kieling; Claudia Buchweitz; Arthur Caye; Pedro H.  Manfro; Rivka Pereira; Anna Viduani; Mauricio Anés; Lucas Battel; Silvia Benetti; Helen Fisher; Rakesh Karmacharya; Brandon A Kohrt; Thais Martini; Sandra Petresco; Jadar Piccin; Thiago Rocha; Luis Augusto Rohde; Fernanda Rohrsetzer; Laila Souza; Bruna Velazquez; Annabel Walsh; Leehyun Yoon; Zuzanna Zajkowska; Valentina Zonca; Johnna R. Swartz; Valeria Mondelli

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.697144

The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo): rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics

Christian Kieling, Claudia Buchweitz, Arthur Caye, Pedro H. Manfro, Rivka Pereira, Anna Viduani, Mauricio Anés, Lucas Battel, Silvia Benetti, Helen Fisher, Rakesh Karmacharya, Brandon A Kohrt, Thais Martini, Sandra Petresco, Jadar Piccin, Thiago Rocha, Luis Augusto Rohde, Fernanda Rohrsetzer, Laila Souza, Bruna VelazquezAnnabel Walsh, Leehyun Yoon, Zuzanna Zajkowska, Valentina Zonca, Johnna R. Swartz, Valeria Mondelli

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Abstract

Background: The characterization of adolescents at high risk for developing depression has traditionally relied on the presence or absence of single risk factors. More recently, the use of composite risk scores combining information from multiple variables has gained attention in prognostic research in the field of mental health. We previously developed a sociodemographic composite score to estimate the individual level probability of depression occurrence in adolescence, the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Score (IDEA-RS). Objectives: In this report, we present the rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics of the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo), a study designed for in-depth examination of multiple neurobiological, psychological, and environmental measures associated with the risk of developing and with the presence of depression in adolescence, with a focus on immune/inflammatory and neuroimaging markers. Methods: Using the IDEA-RS as a tool for risk stratification, we recruited a new sample of adolescents enriched for low (LR) and high (HR) depression risk, as well as a group of adolescents with a currently untreated major depressive episode (MDD). Methods for phenotypic, peripheral biological samples, and neuroimaging assessments are described, as well as baseline clinical characteristics of the IDEA-RiSCo sample. Results: A total of 7,720 adolescents aged 14–16 years were screened in public state schools in Porto Alegre, Brazil. We were able to identify individuals at low and high risk for developing depression in adolescence: in each group, 50 participants (25 boys, 25 girls) were included and successfully completed the detailed phenotypic assessment with ascertainment of risk/MDD status, blood and saliva collections, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Across a variety of measures of psychopathology and exposure to negative events, there was a clear pattern in which either the MDD group or both the HR and the MDD groups exhibited worse indicators in comparison to the LR group. Conclusion: The use of an empirically-derived composite score to stratify risk for developing depression represents a promising strategy to establish a risk-enriched cohort that will contribute to the understanding of the neurobiological correlates of risk and onset of depression in adolescence.

Original language	English
Article number	697144
Journal	Frontiers in Psychiatry
Volume	12
Early online date	21 Jun 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.697144
Publication status	Published - 21 Jun 2021

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Kieling, C., Buchweitz, C., Caye, A., Manfro, P. H., Pereira, R., Viduani, A., Anés, M., Battel, L., Benetti, S., Fisher, H., Karmacharya, R., Kohrt, B. A., Martini, T., Petresco, S., Piccin, J., Rocha, T., Rohde, L. A., Rohrsetzer, F., Souza, L., ... Mondelli, V. (2021). The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo): rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, Article 697144. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.697144

@article{93dac786f2b044d7bca9b39ff10e9daa,

title = "The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo): rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics",

abstract = "Background: The characterization of adolescents at high risk for developing depression has traditionally relied on the presence or absence of single risk factors. More recently, the use of composite risk scores combining information from multiple variables has gained attention in prognostic research in the field of mental health. We previously developed a sociodemographic composite score to estimate the individual level probability of depression occurrence in adolescence, the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Score (IDEA-RS). Objectives: In this report, we present the rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics of the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo), a study designed for in-depth examination of multiple neurobiological, psychological, and environmental measures associated with the risk of developing and with the presence of depression in adolescence, with a focus on immune/inflammatory and neuroimaging markers. Methods: Using the IDEA-RS as a tool for risk stratification, we recruited a new sample of adolescents enriched for low (LR) and high (HR) depression risk, as well as a group of adolescents with a currently untreated major depressive episode (MDD). Methods for phenotypic, peripheral biological samples, and neuroimaging assessments are described, as well as baseline clinical characteristics of the IDEA-RiSCo sample. Results: A total of 7,720 adolescents aged 14–16 years were screened in public state schools in Porto Alegre, Brazil. We were able to identify individuals at low and high risk for developing depression in adolescence: in each group, 50 participants (25 boys, 25 girls) were included and successfully completed the detailed phenotypic assessment with ascertainment of risk/MDD status, blood and saliva collections, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Across a variety of measures of psychopathology and exposure to negative events, there was a clear pattern in which either the MDD group or both the HR and the MDD groups exhibited worse indicators in comparison to the LR group. Conclusion: The use of an empirically-derived composite score to stratify risk for developing depression represents a promising strategy to establish a risk-enriched cohort that will contribute to the understanding of the neurobiological correlates of risk and onset of depression in adolescence.",

author = "Christian Kieling and Claudia Buchweitz and Arthur Caye and Manfro, {Pedro H.} and Rivka Pereira and Anna Viduani and Mauricio An{\'e}s and Lucas Battel and Silvia Benetti and Helen Fisher and Rakesh Karmacharya and Kohrt, {Brandon A} and Thais Martini and Sandra Petresco and Jadar Piccin and Thiago Rocha and Rohde, {Luis Augusto} and Fernanda Rohrsetzer and Laila Souza and Bruna Velazquez and Annabel Walsh and Leehyun Yoon and Zuzanna Zajkowska and Valentina Zonca and Swartz, {Johnna R.} and Valeria Mondelli",

note = "Funding Information: We are extremely grateful to the schools and individuals who participated in this study, and to all members of the IDEA team for their dedication, hard work, and insights. Funding. The IDEA project was funded by an MQ Brighter Futures grant [MQBF/1 IDEA]. Additional support was provided by the UK Medical Research Council [MC_PC_MR/R019460/1] and the Academy of Medical Sciences [GCRFNG_100281] under the Global Challenges Research Fund. This work is also supported by research grants from Brazilian public funding agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) [477129/2012-9 and 445828/2014-5], Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) [62/2014], and Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) [17/2551-0001009-4]. CK is a Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) researcher and an Academy of Medical Sciences Newton Advanced Fellow. JRS, CK, and BAK are supported by the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health [R21MH124072]. VM was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. HLF was part supported by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Centre for Society and Mental Health at King's College London [ES/S012567/1]. Funding Information: The IDEA project was funded by an MQ Brighter Futures grant [MQBF/1 IDEA]. Additional support was provided by the UK Medical Research Council [MC_PC_MR/R019460/1] and the Academy of Medical Sciences [GCRFNG_100281] under the Global Challenges Research Fund. This work is also supported by research grants from Brazilian public funding agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient{\'i}fico e Tecnol{\'o}gico (CNPq) [477129/2012-9 and 445828/2014-5], Coordena{\c c}{\~a}o de Aperfei{\c c}oamento de Pessoal de N{\'i}vel Superior (CAPES) [62/2014], and Funda{\c c}{\~a}o de Amparo {\`a} Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) [17/2551-0001009-4]. CK is a Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient{\'i}fico e Tecnol{\'o}gico (CNPq) researcher and an Academy of Medical Sciences Newton Advanced Fellow. JRS, CK, and BAK are supported by the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health [R21MH124072]. VM was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King{\textquoteright}s College Funding Information: Conflict of Interest: VM has received research funding from Johnson & Johnson, a pharmaceutical company interested in the development of anti-inflammatory strategies for depression, but the research described in this paper is unrelated to this funding. LAR has received grant or research support from, served as a consultant to, and served on the speakers{\textquoteright} bureau of Bial, Medice, Novartis/Sandoz, Pfizer, and Shire/Takeda in the last 3 years. The ADHD and Juvenile Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Programs chaired by him have received unrestricted educational and research support from the following pharmaceutical companies: Novartis/Sandoz, and Shire/Takeda. He has received travel grants from Shire/Takeda to take part in the 2018 American Psychiatric Association congress. He also receives authorship royalties from Oxford Press and ArtMed. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Copyright {\textcopyright} 2021 Kieling, Buchweitz, Caye, Manfro, Pereira, Viduani, An{\'e}s, Battel, Benetti, Fisher, Karmacharya, Kohrt, Martini, Petresco, Piccin, Rocha, Rohde, Rohrsetzer, Souza, Velazquez, Walsh, Yoon, Zajkowska, Zonca, Swartz and Mondelli. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2021",

month = jun,

day = "21",

doi = "10.3389/fpsyt.2021.697144",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

journal = "Frontiers in Psychiatry",

issn = "1664-0640",

publisher = "Frontiers Media",

}

Kieling, C, Buchweitz, C, Caye, A, Manfro, PH, Pereira, R, Viduani, A, Anés, M, Battel, L, Benetti, S, Fisher, H, Karmacharya, R, Kohrt, BA, Martini, T, Petresco, S, Piccin, J, Rocha, T, Rohde, LA, Rohrsetzer, F, Souza, L, Velazquez, B, Walsh, A, Yoon, L, Zajkowska, Z , Zonca, V, Swartz, JR & Mondelli, V 2021, 'The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo): rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics', Frontiers in Psychiatry, vol. 12, 697144. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.697144

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo): rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics

AU - Kieling, Christian

AU - Buchweitz, Claudia

AU - Caye, Arthur

AU - Manfro, Pedro H.

AU - Pereira, Rivka

AU - Viduani, Anna

AU - Anés, Mauricio

AU - Battel, Lucas

AU - Benetti, Silvia

AU - Fisher, Helen

AU - Karmacharya, Rakesh

AU - Kohrt, Brandon A

AU - Martini, Thais

AU - Petresco, Sandra

AU - Piccin, Jadar

AU - Rocha, Thiago

AU - Rohde, Luis Augusto

AU - Rohrsetzer, Fernanda

AU - Souza, Laila

AU - Velazquez, Bruna

AU - Walsh, Annabel

AU - Yoon, Leehyun

AU - Zajkowska, Zuzanna

AU - Zonca, Valentina

AU - Swartz, Johnna R.

AU - Mondelli, Valeria

N1 - Funding Information: We are extremely grateful to the schools and individuals who participated in this study, and to all members of the IDEA team for their dedication, hard work, and insights. Funding. The IDEA project was funded by an MQ Brighter Futures grant [MQBF/1 IDEA]. Additional support was provided by the UK Medical Research Council [MC_PC_MR/R019460/1] and the Academy of Medical Sciences [GCRFNG_100281] under the Global Challenges Research Fund. This work is also supported by research grants from Brazilian public funding agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) [477129/2012-9 and 445828/2014-5], Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) [62/2014], and Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) [17/2551-0001009-4]. CK is a Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) researcher and an Academy of Medical Sciences Newton Advanced Fellow. JRS, CK, and BAK are supported by the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health [R21MH124072]. VM was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. HLF was part supported by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Centre for Society and Mental Health at King's College London [ES/S012567/1]. Funding Information: The IDEA project was funded by an MQ Brighter Futures grant [MQBF/1 IDEA]. Additional support was provided by the UK Medical Research Council [MC_PC_MR/R019460/1] and the Academy of Medical Sciences [GCRFNG_100281] under the Global Challenges Research Fund. This work is also supported by research grants from Brazilian public funding agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) [477129/2012-9 and 445828/2014-5], Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) [62/2014], and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) [17/2551-0001009-4]. CK is a Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) researcher and an Academy of Medical Sciences Newton Advanced Fellow. JRS, CK, and BAK are supported by the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health [R21MH124072]. VM was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College Funding Information: Conflict of Interest: VM has received research funding from Johnson & Johnson, a pharmaceutical company interested in the development of anti-inflammatory strategies for depression, but the research described in this paper is unrelated to this funding. LAR has received grant or research support from, served as a consultant to, and served on the speakers’ bureau of Bial, Medice, Novartis/Sandoz, Pfizer, and Shire/Takeda in the last 3 years. The ADHD and Juvenile Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Programs chaired by him have received unrestricted educational and research support from the following pharmaceutical companies: Novartis/Sandoz, and Shire/Takeda. He has received travel grants from Shire/Takeda to take part in the 2018 American Psychiatric Association congress. He also receives authorship royalties from Oxford Press and ArtMed. Publisher Copyright: © Copyright © 2021 Kieling, Buchweitz, Caye, Manfro, Pereira, Viduani, Anés, Battel, Benetti, Fisher, Karmacharya, Kohrt, Martini, Petresco, Piccin, Rocha, Rohde, Rohrsetzer, Souza, Velazquez, Walsh, Yoon, Zajkowska, Zonca, Swartz and Mondelli. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2021/6/21

Y1 - 2021/6/21

N2 - Background: The characterization of adolescents at high risk for developing depression has traditionally relied on the presence or absence of single risk factors. More recently, the use of composite risk scores combining information from multiple variables has gained attention in prognostic research in the field of mental health. We previously developed a sociodemographic composite score to estimate the individual level probability of depression occurrence in adolescence, the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Score (IDEA-RS). Objectives: In this report, we present the rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics of the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo), a study designed for in-depth examination of multiple neurobiological, psychological, and environmental measures associated with the risk of developing and with the presence of depression in adolescence, with a focus on immune/inflammatory and neuroimaging markers. Methods: Using the IDEA-RS as a tool for risk stratification, we recruited a new sample of adolescents enriched for low (LR) and high (HR) depression risk, as well as a group of adolescents with a currently untreated major depressive episode (MDD). Methods for phenotypic, peripheral biological samples, and neuroimaging assessments are described, as well as baseline clinical characteristics of the IDEA-RiSCo sample. Results: A total of 7,720 adolescents aged 14–16 years were screened in public state schools in Porto Alegre, Brazil. We were able to identify individuals at low and high risk for developing depression in adolescence: in each group, 50 participants (25 boys, 25 girls) were included and successfully completed the detailed phenotypic assessment with ascertainment of risk/MDD status, blood and saliva collections, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Across a variety of measures of psychopathology and exposure to negative events, there was a clear pattern in which either the MDD group or both the HR and the MDD groups exhibited worse indicators in comparison to the LR group. Conclusion: The use of an empirically-derived composite score to stratify risk for developing depression represents a promising strategy to establish a risk-enriched cohort that will contribute to the understanding of the neurobiological correlates of risk and onset of depression in adolescence.

AB - Background: The characterization of adolescents at high risk for developing depression has traditionally relied on the presence or absence of single risk factors. More recently, the use of composite risk scores combining information from multiple variables has gained attention in prognostic research in the field of mental health. We previously developed a sociodemographic composite score to estimate the individual level probability of depression occurrence in adolescence, the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Score (IDEA-RS). Objectives: In this report, we present the rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics of the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo), a study designed for in-depth examination of multiple neurobiological, psychological, and environmental measures associated with the risk of developing and with the presence of depression in adolescence, with a focus on immune/inflammatory and neuroimaging markers. Methods: Using the IDEA-RS as a tool for risk stratification, we recruited a new sample of adolescents enriched for low (LR) and high (HR) depression risk, as well as a group of adolescents with a currently untreated major depressive episode (MDD). Methods for phenotypic, peripheral biological samples, and neuroimaging assessments are described, as well as baseline clinical characteristics of the IDEA-RiSCo sample. Results: A total of 7,720 adolescents aged 14–16 years were screened in public state schools in Porto Alegre, Brazil. We were able to identify individuals at low and high risk for developing depression in adolescence: in each group, 50 participants (25 boys, 25 girls) were included and successfully completed the detailed phenotypic assessment with ascertainment of risk/MDD status, blood and saliva collections, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Across a variety of measures of psychopathology and exposure to negative events, there was a clear pattern in which either the MDD group or both the HR and the MDD groups exhibited worse indicators in comparison to the LR group. Conclusion: The use of an empirically-derived composite score to stratify risk for developing depression represents a promising strategy to establish a risk-enriched cohort that will contribute to the understanding of the neurobiological correlates of risk and onset of depression in adolescence.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85109068993&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.697144

DO - 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.697144

M3 - Article

SN - 1664-0640

VL - 12

JO - Frontiers in Psychiatry

JF - Frontiers in Psychiatry

M1 - 697144

ER -

The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo): rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics

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