The interplay between suicidal experiences, psychotic experiences and interpersonal relationships: a qualitative study

Patricia Gooding; Gillian Haddock; Kamelia Harris; Menita Asriah; Yvonne Awenat; Leanne Cook; Richard J Drake; Richard Emsley; Charlotte Huggett; Steven Jones; Fiona Lobban; Paul Marshall; Daniel Pratt; Sarah Peters

doi:10.1186/s12888-023-05164-2

The interplay between suicidal experiences, psychotic experiences and interpersonal relationships: a qualitative study

Patricia Gooding, Gillian Haddock, Kamelia Harris, Menita Asriah, Yvonne Awenat, Leanne Cook, Richard J Drake, Richard Emsley, Charlotte Huggett, Steven Jones, Fiona Lobban, Paul Marshall, Daniel Pratt, Sarah Peters

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Suicidal thoughts, acts, plans and deaths are considerably more prevalent in people with non-affective psychosis, including schizophrenia, compared to the general population. Social isolation and interpersonal difficulties have been implicated in pathways which underpin suicidal experiences in people with severe mental health problems. However, the interactions between psychotic experiences, such as hallucinations and paranoia, suicidal experiences, and the presence, and indeed, absence of interpersonal relationships is poorly understood and insufficiently explored. The current study sought to contribute to this understanding.

METHODS: An inductive thematic analysis was conducted on transcripts of 22, individual, semi-structured interviews with adult participants who had both non-affective psychosis and recent suicidal experiences. A purposive sampling strategy was used. Trustworthiness of the analysis was assured with researcher triangulation.

RESULTS: Participants relayed both positive and negative experiences of interpersonal relationships. A novel conceptual model is presented reflecting a highly complex interplay between a range of different suicidal experiences, psychosis, and aspects of interpersonal relationships. Three themes fed into this interplay, depicting dynamics between perceptions of i. not mattering and mattering, ii. becoming disconnected from other people, and iii. constraints versus freedom associated with sharing suicidal and psychotic experiences with others.

CONCLUSION: This study revealed a detailed insight into ways in which interpersonal relationships are perceived to interact with psychotic and suicidal experiences in ways that can be both beneficial and challenging. This is important from scientific and clinical perspectives for understanding the complex pathways involved in suicidal experiences.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03114917), 14 th April 2017. ISRCTN (reference ISRCTN17776666 .); 5 th June 2017). Registration was recorded prior to participant recruitment commencing.

Original language	English
Article number	873
Pages (from-to)	873
Number of pages	1
Journal	BMC Psychiatry
Volume	23
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05164-2
Publication status	Published - 24 Nov 2023

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10.1186/s12888-023-05164-2

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Gooding, P., Haddock, G., Harris, K., Asriah, M., Awenat, Y., Cook, L., Drake, R. J., Emsley, R., Huggett, C., Jones, S., Lobban, F., Marshall, P., Pratt, D., & Peters, S. (2023). The interplay between suicidal experiences, psychotic experiences and interpersonal relationships: a qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1), 873. Article 873. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05164-2

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title = "The interplay between suicidal experiences, psychotic experiences and interpersonal relationships: a qualitative study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Suicidal thoughts, acts, plans and deaths are considerably more prevalent in people with non-affective psychosis, including schizophrenia, compared to the general population. Social isolation and interpersonal difficulties have been implicated in pathways which underpin suicidal experiences in people with severe mental health problems. However, the interactions between psychotic experiences, such as hallucinations and paranoia, suicidal experiences, and the presence, and indeed, absence of interpersonal relationships is poorly understood and insufficiently explored. The current study sought to contribute to this understanding.METHODS: An inductive thematic analysis was conducted on transcripts of 22, individual, semi-structured interviews with adult participants who had both non-affective psychosis and recent suicidal experiences. A purposive sampling strategy was used. Trustworthiness of the analysis was assured with researcher triangulation.RESULTS: Participants relayed both positive and negative experiences of interpersonal relationships. A novel conceptual model is presented reflecting a highly complex interplay between a range of different suicidal experiences, psychosis, and aspects of interpersonal relationships. Three themes fed into this interplay, depicting dynamics between perceptions of i. not mattering and mattering, ii. becoming disconnected from other people, and iii. constraints versus freedom associated with sharing suicidal and psychotic experiences with others.CONCLUSION: This study revealed a detailed insight into ways in which interpersonal relationships are perceived to interact with psychotic and suicidal experiences in ways that can be both beneficial and challenging. This is important from scientific and clinical perspectives for understanding the complex pathways involved in suicidal experiences.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03114917), 14 th April 2017. ISRCTN (reference ISRCTN17776666 .); 5 th June 2017). Registration was recorded prior to participant recruitment commencing. ",

author = "Patricia Gooding and Gillian Haddock and Kamelia Harris and Menita Asriah and Yvonne Awenat and Leanne Cook and Drake, {Richard J} and Richard Emsley and Charlotte Huggett and Steven Jones and Fiona Lobban and Paul Marshall and Daniel Pratt and Sarah Peters",

note = "Funding Information: This project is funded by the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation (EME) Programme, an MRC and NIHR partnership (Reference number: 13/161/25) and supported by the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR203308). Funding Information: We would like to acknowledge the input of Professor Navneet Kapur as a co-applicant on the CARMS project who gave input to the project as a whole. We convey our sincere thanks to all those individuals who were participants in the CARMS project. We would also like to thank members of our Service User Reference Group (known as the CARMers) who have assisted with numerous and important aspects of CARMS, including the current study, from the inception of the project to the development of innovative and creative dissemination strategies. Many mental health professionals across NHS trusts and third sector organisations have actively supported and contributed to the CARMS project in ways that are pivotal which we would like to acknowledge. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the MRC, NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. The CARMS trial is hosted by Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK. The Sponsor is the University of Manchester, UK. Funding Information: RE is supported by an NIHR Research Professorship (NIHR300051) and the NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, part of the NIHR and hosted by South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College London. No other co-authors have competing interests or conflicts of interest to declare. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s).",

year = "2023",

month = nov,

day = "24",

doi = "10.1186/s12888-023-05164-2",

language = "English",

volume = "23",

pages = "873",

journal = "BMC Psychiatry",

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Gooding, P, Haddock, G, Harris, K, Asriah, M, Awenat, Y, Cook, L, Drake, RJ, Emsley, R, Huggett, C, Jones, S, Lobban, F, Marshall, P, Pratt, D & Peters, S 2023, 'The interplay between suicidal experiences, psychotic experiences and interpersonal relationships: a qualitative study', BMC Psychiatry, vol. 23, no. 1, 873, pp. 873. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05164-2

TY - JOUR

T1 - The interplay between suicidal experiences, psychotic experiences and interpersonal relationships

T2 - a qualitative study

AU - Gooding, Patricia

AU - Haddock, Gillian

AU - Harris, Kamelia

AU - Asriah, Menita

AU - Awenat, Yvonne

AU - Cook, Leanne

AU - Drake, Richard J

AU - Emsley, Richard

AU - Huggett, Charlotte

AU - Jones, Steven

AU - Lobban, Fiona

AU - Marshall, Paul

AU - Pratt, Daniel

AU - Peters, Sarah

N1 - Funding Information: This project is funded by the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation (EME) Programme, an MRC and NIHR partnership (Reference number: 13/161/25) and supported by the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR203308). Funding Information: We would like to acknowledge the input of Professor Navneet Kapur as a co-applicant on the CARMS project who gave input to the project as a whole. We convey our sincere thanks to all those individuals who were participants in the CARMS project. We would also like to thank members of our Service User Reference Group (known as the CARMers) who have assisted with numerous and important aspects of CARMS, including the current study, from the inception of the project to the development of innovative and creative dissemination strategies. Many mental health professionals across NHS trusts and third sector organisations have actively supported and contributed to the CARMS project in ways that are pivotal which we would like to acknowledge. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the MRC, NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. The CARMS trial is hosted by Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK. The Sponsor is the University of Manchester, UK. Funding Information: RE is supported by an NIHR Research Professorship (NIHR300051) and the NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, part of the NIHR and hosted by South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College London. No other co-authors have competing interests or conflicts of interest to declare. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).

PY - 2023/11/24

Y1 - 2023/11/24

N2 - BACKGROUND: Suicidal thoughts, acts, plans and deaths are considerably more prevalent in people with non-affective psychosis, including schizophrenia, compared to the general population. Social isolation and interpersonal difficulties have been implicated in pathways which underpin suicidal experiences in people with severe mental health problems. However, the interactions between psychotic experiences, such as hallucinations and paranoia, suicidal experiences, and the presence, and indeed, absence of interpersonal relationships is poorly understood and insufficiently explored. The current study sought to contribute to this understanding.METHODS: An inductive thematic analysis was conducted on transcripts of 22, individual, semi-structured interviews with adult participants who had both non-affective psychosis and recent suicidal experiences. A purposive sampling strategy was used. Trustworthiness of the analysis was assured with researcher triangulation.RESULTS: Participants relayed both positive and negative experiences of interpersonal relationships. A novel conceptual model is presented reflecting a highly complex interplay between a range of different suicidal experiences, psychosis, and aspects of interpersonal relationships. Three themes fed into this interplay, depicting dynamics between perceptions of i. not mattering and mattering, ii. becoming disconnected from other people, and iii. constraints versus freedom associated with sharing suicidal and psychotic experiences with others.CONCLUSION: This study revealed a detailed insight into ways in which interpersonal relationships are perceived to interact with psychotic and suicidal experiences in ways that can be both beneficial and challenging. This is important from scientific and clinical perspectives for understanding the complex pathways involved in suicidal experiences.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03114917), 14 th April 2017. ISRCTN (reference ISRCTN17776666 .); 5 th June 2017). Registration was recorded prior to participant recruitment commencing.

AB - BACKGROUND: Suicidal thoughts, acts, plans and deaths are considerably more prevalent in people with non-affective psychosis, including schizophrenia, compared to the general population. Social isolation and interpersonal difficulties have been implicated in pathways which underpin suicidal experiences in people with severe mental health problems. However, the interactions between psychotic experiences, such as hallucinations and paranoia, suicidal experiences, and the presence, and indeed, absence of interpersonal relationships is poorly understood and insufficiently explored. The current study sought to contribute to this understanding.METHODS: An inductive thematic analysis was conducted on transcripts of 22, individual, semi-structured interviews with adult participants who had both non-affective psychosis and recent suicidal experiences. A purposive sampling strategy was used. Trustworthiness of the analysis was assured with researcher triangulation.RESULTS: Participants relayed both positive and negative experiences of interpersonal relationships. A novel conceptual model is presented reflecting a highly complex interplay between a range of different suicidal experiences, psychosis, and aspects of interpersonal relationships. Three themes fed into this interplay, depicting dynamics between perceptions of i. not mattering and mattering, ii. becoming disconnected from other people, and iii. constraints versus freedom associated with sharing suicidal and psychotic experiences with others.CONCLUSION: This study revealed a detailed insight into ways in which interpersonal relationships are perceived to interact with psychotic and suicidal experiences in ways that can be both beneficial and challenging. This is important from scientific and clinical perspectives for understanding the complex pathways involved in suicidal experiences.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03114917), 14 th April 2017. ISRCTN (reference ISRCTN17776666 .); 5 th June 2017). Registration was recorded prior to participant recruitment commencing.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85177756117&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1186/s12888-023-05164-2

DO - 10.1186/s12888-023-05164-2

M3 - Article

C2 - 38001403

SN - 1471-244X

VL - 23

SP - 873

JO - BMC Psychiatry

JF - BMC Psychiatry

IS - 1

M1 - 873

ER -

The interplay between suicidal experiences, psychotic experiences and interpersonal relationships: a qualitative study

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