The regulation of the homeostasis and regeneration of peripheral nerve is distinct from the CNS and independent of a stem cell population

TY - JOUR

T1 - The regulation of the homeostasis and regeneration of peripheral nerve is distinct from the CNS and independent of a stem cell population

AU - Stierli, Salome

AU - Napoli, Ilaria

AU - White, Ian J.

AU - Cattin, Anne Laure

AU - Cabrejos, Anthony Monteza

AU - Calavia, Noelia Garcia

AU - Malong, Liza

AU - Ribeiro, Sara

AU - Nihouarn, Julie

AU - Williams, Richard

AU - Young, Kaylene M.

AU - Richardson, William D.

AU - Lloyd, Alison C.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by a Cancer Research UK Programme Grant [C378] and a Cancer Research UK PhD Studentship [C36048 to S.S.], the Medical Research Council (MRC) [MR/N009169/1; MC_U12266B to the MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology University Unit at UCL], a Multiple Sclerosis Research Australia and Macquarie University Paired Fellowship [17-0223], and Alzheimer’s Society/BUPA Foundation [22095095 to K.M.Y.]. Deposited in PMC for immediate release. Publisher Copyright: © 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

PY - 2018/12/15

Y1 - 2018/12/15

N2 - Peripheral nerves are highly regenerative, in contrast to the poor regenerative capabilities of the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we show that adult peripheral nerve is a more quiescent tissue than the CNS, yet all cell types within a peripheral nerve proliferate efficiently following injury. Moreover, whereas oligodendrocytes are produced throughout life from a precursor pool, we find that the corresponding cell of the peripheral nervous system, the myelinating Schwann cell (mSC), does not turn over in the adult. However, following injury, all mSCs can dedifferentiate to the proliferating progenitor-like Schwann cells (SCs) that orchestrate the regenerative response. Lineage analysis shows that these newly migratory, progenitor-like cells redifferentiate to form new tissue at the injury site and maintain their lineage, but can switch to become a nonmyelinating SC. In contrast, increased plasticity is observed during tumourigenesis. These findings show that peripheral nerves have a distinct mechanism for maintaining homeostasis and can regenerate without the need for an additional stem cell population.

AB - Peripheral nerves are highly regenerative, in contrast to the poor regenerative capabilities of the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we show that adult peripheral nerve is a more quiescent tissue than the CNS, yet all cell types within a peripheral nerve proliferate efficiently following injury. Moreover, whereas oligodendrocytes are produced throughout life from a precursor pool, we find that the corresponding cell of the peripheral nervous system, the myelinating Schwann cell (mSC), does not turn over in the adult. However, following injury, all mSCs can dedifferentiate to the proliferating progenitor-like Schwann cells (SCs) that orchestrate the regenerative response. Lineage analysis shows that these newly migratory, progenitor-like cells redifferentiate to form new tissue at the injury site and maintain their lineage, but can switch to become a nonmyelinating SC. In contrast, increased plasticity is observed during tumourigenesis. These findings show that peripheral nerves have a distinct mechanism for maintaining homeostasis and can regenerate without the need for an additional stem cell population.

KW - CNS

KW - PNS

KW - Schwann cells

KW - Stem cells

KW - Tissue homeostasis

KW - Tissue regeneration

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85059265443&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1242/dev.170316

DO - 10.1242/dev.170316

M3 - Article

C2 - 30413560

AN - SCOPUS:85059265443

SN - 0950-1991

VL - 145

JO - Development (Cambridge)

JF - Development (Cambridge)

IS - 24

M1 - dev170316

ER -