The role of accelerometer-derived sleep traits on glycated haemoglobin and glucose levels: a Mendelian randomization study

TY - JOUR

T1 - The role of accelerometer-derived sleep traits on glycated haemoglobin and glucose levels

T2 - a Mendelian randomization study

AU - Liu, Junxi

AU - Richmond, Rebecca C

AU - Anderson, Emma L

AU - Bowden, Jack

AU - Barry, Ciarrah-Jane S

AU - Dashti, Hassan S

AU - Daghlas, Iyas S

AU - Lane, Jacqueline M

AU - Kyle, Simon D

AU - Vetter, Céline

AU - Morrison, Claire L

AU - Jones, Samuel E

AU - Wood, Andrew R

AU - Frayling, Timothy M

AU - Wright, Alison K

AU - Carr, Matthew J

AU - Anderson, Simon G

AU - Emsley, Richard A

AU - Ray, David W

AU - Weedon, Michael N

AU - Saxena, Richa

AU - Rutter, Martin K

AU - Lawlor, Deborah A

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.

PY - 2024/6/28

Y1 - 2024/6/28

N2 - Self-reported shorter/longer sleep duration, insomnia, and evening preference are associated with hyperglycaemia in observational analyses, with similar observations in small studies using accelerometer-derived sleep traits. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies support an effect of self-reported insomnia, but not others, on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). To explore potential effects, we used MR methods to assess effects of accelerometer-derived sleep traits (duration, mid-point least active 5-h, mid-point most active 10-h, sleep fragmentation, and efficiency) on HbA1c/glucose in European adults from the UK Biobank (UKB) (n = 73,797) and the MAGIC consortium (n = 146,806). Cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score regression was applied to determine genetic correlations across accelerometer-derived, self-reported sleep traits, and HbA1c/glucose. We found no causal effect of any accelerometer-derived sleep trait on HbA1c or glucose. Similar MR results for self-reported sleep traits in the UKB sub-sample with accelerometer-derived measures suggested our results were not explained by selection bias. Phenotypic and genetic correlation analyses suggested complex relationships between self-reported and accelerometer-derived traits indicating that they may reflect different types of exposure. These findings suggested accelerometer-derived sleep traits do not affect HbA1c. Accelerometer-derived measures of sleep duration and quality might not simply be 'objective' measures of self-reported sleep duration and insomnia, but rather captured different sleep characteristics.

AB - Self-reported shorter/longer sleep duration, insomnia, and evening preference are associated with hyperglycaemia in observational analyses, with similar observations in small studies using accelerometer-derived sleep traits. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies support an effect of self-reported insomnia, but not others, on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). To explore potential effects, we used MR methods to assess effects of accelerometer-derived sleep traits (duration, mid-point least active 5-h, mid-point most active 10-h, sleep fragmentation, and efficiency) on HbA1c/glucose in European adults from the UK Biobank (UKB) (n = 73,797) and the MAGIC consortium (n = 146,806). Cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score regression was applied to determine genetic correlations across accelerometer-derived, self-reported sleep traits, and HbA1c/glucose. We found no causal effect of any accelerometer-derived sleep trait on HbA1c or glucose. Similar MR results for self-reported sleep traits in the UKB sub-sample with accelerometer-derived measures suggested our results were not explained by selection bias. Phenotypic and genetic correlation analyses suggested complex relationships between self-reported and accelerometer-derived traits indicating that they may reflect different types of exposure. These findings suggested accelerometer-derived sleep traits do not affect HbA1c. Accelerometer-derived measures of sleep duration and quality might not simply be 'objective' measures of self-reported sleep duration and insomnia, but rather captured different sleep characteristics.

KW - Humans

KW - Mendelian Randomization Analysis

KW - Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis

KW - Accelerometry

KW - Sleep/genetics

KW - Blood Glucose/analysis

KW - Male

KW - Female

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Adult

KW - Self Report

KW - Aged

KW - Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/genetics

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85197147866&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1038/s41598-024-58007-9

DO - 10.1038/s41598-024-58007-9

M3 - Article

C2 - 38942746

SN - 2045-2322

VL - 14

SP - 14962

JO - Scientific Reports

JF - Scientific Reports

IS - 1

M1 - 14962

ER -