TY - JOUR
T1 - Three-dimensional bioactive hydrogel-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in implant dentistry
AU - Sordi, Mariane B.
AU - Cruz, Ariadne
AU - Fredel, Márcio C.
AU - Magini, Ricardo
AU - Sharpe, Paul T.
N1 - Funding Information:
MBS was supported by a scholarship of the Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - Brasil (CAPES).
Funding Information:
MBS was supported by a scholarship of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/5
Y1 - 2021/5
N2 - Bone tissue requires a range of complex mechanisms to allow the restoration of its structure and function. Bone healing is a signaling cascade process, involving cells secreting cytokines, growth factors, and pro-inflammatory factors in the defect site that will, subsequently, recruit surrounding stem cells to migrate, proliferate, and differentiate into bone-forming cells. Bioactive functional scaffolds could be applied to improve the bone healing processes where the organism is not able to fully regenerate the lost tissue. However, to be optimal, such scaffolds should act as osteoconductors – supporting bone-forming cells, providing nutrients, and sustaining the arrival of new blood vessels, and act as osteoinducers – slowly releasing signaling molecules that stimulate mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate and deposit mineralized bone matrix. Different compositions and shapes of scaffolds, cutting-edge technologies, application of signaling molecules to promote cell differentiation, and high-quality biomaterials are reaching favorable outcomes towards osteoblastic differentiation of stem cells in in vitro and in vivo researches for bone regeneration. Hydrogel-based biomaterials are being pointed as promising for bone tissue regeneration; however, despite all the research and high-impact scientific publications, there are still several challenges that prevent the use of hydrogel-based scaffolds for bone regeneration being feasible for their clinical application. Hence, the objective of this review is to consolidate and report, based on the current scientific literature, the approaches for bone tissue regeneration using bioactive hydrogel-based scaffolds, cell-based therapies, and three-dimensional bioprinting to define the key challenges preventing their use in clinical applications.
AB - Bone tissue requires a range of complex mechanisms to allow the restoration of its structure and function. Bone healing is a signaling cascade process, involving cells secreting cytokines, growth factors, and pro-inflammatory factors in the defect site that will, subsequently, recruit surrounding stem cells to migrate, proliferate, and differentiate into bone-forming cells. Bioactive functional scaffolds could be applied to improve the bone healing processes where the organism is not able to fully regenerate the lost tissue. However, to be optimal, such scaffolds should act as osteoconductors – supporting bone-forming cells, providing nutrients, and sustaining the arrival of new blood vessels, and act as osteoinducers – slowly releasing signaling molecules that stimulate mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate and deposit mineralized bone matrix. Different compositions and shapes of scaffolds, cutting-edge technologies, application of signaling molecules to promote cell differentiation, and high-quality biomaterials are reaching favorable outcomes towards osteoblastic differentiation of stem cells in in vitro and in vivo researches for bone regeneration. Hydrogel-based biomaterials are being pointed as promising for bone tissue regeneration; however, despite all the research and high-impact scientific publications, there are still several challenges that prevent the use of hydrogel-based scaffolds for bone regeneration being feasible for their clinical application. Hence, the objective of this review is to consolidate and report, based on the current scientific literature, the approaches for bone tissue regeneration using bioactive hydrogel-based scaffolds, cell-based therapies, and three-dimensional bioprinting to define the key challenges preventing their use in clinical applications.
KW - Bioactivity
KW - Bone tissue engineering
KW - Hydrogel
KW - Mesenchymal stem cells
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104996283&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112055
DO - 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112055
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85104996283
SN - 0928-4931
VL - 124
JO - Materials Science and Engineering C
JF - Materials Science and Engineering C
M1 - 112055
ER -