Ultra-processed foods, allergy outcomes and underlying mechanisms in children: An EAACI task force report

Roberto Berni Canani; Laura Carucci; Serena Coppola; Enza D'Auria; Liam O'Mahony; Franziska Roth-Walter; Emilia Vassilopolou; Carlo Agostoni; Iaona Agache; Cezmi Akdis; Fiorenza De Giovanni Di Santa Severina; Gaby Faketea; Matt Greenhawt; Karin Hoffman; Karin Hufnagel; Rosan Meyer; Gregorio Paolo Milani; Anna Nowak-Wegrzyn; Bright Nwaru; Ines Padua; Lorella Paparo; Peroni Diego; Imke Reese; Caroline Roduit; Peter K. Smith; Alexandra Santos; Eva Untersmayr; Berber Vlieg-Boerstra; Carina Venter

doi:10.1111/pai.14231

Ultra-processed foods, allergy outcomes and underlying mechanisms in children: An EAACI task force report

Roberto Berni Canani^*, Laura Carucci, Serena Coppola, Enza D'Auria, Liam O'Mahony, Franziska Roth-Walter, Emilia Vassilopolou, Carlo Agostoni, Iaona Agache, Cezmi Akdis, Fiorenza De Giovanni Di Santa Severina, Gaby Faketea, Matt Greenhawt, Karin Hoffman, Karin Hufnagel, Rosan Meyer, Gregorio Paolo Milani, Anna Nowak-Wegrzyn, Bright Nwaru, Ines PaduaLorella Paparo, Peroni Diego, Imke Reese, Caroline Roduit, Peter K. Smith, Alexandra Santos, Eva Untersmayr, Berber Vlieg-Boerstra, Carina Venter^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Consumption of ultra-processed foods [UPFs] may be associated with negative health outcomes. Limited data exist regarding the potential role of UPFs in the occurrence of allergic diseases. The underlying mechanisms underpinning any such associations are also poorly elucidated. Methods: We performed a systematic review and narrative evidence synthesis of the available literature to assess associations between UPF consumption and pediatric allergy outcomes (n = 26 papers), including data on the association seen with the gut microbiome (n = 16 papers) or immune system (n = 3 papers) structure and function following PRISMA guidelines. Results: Dietary exposure to fructose, carbonated soft drinks, and sugar intake was associated with an increased risk of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies in children. Commercial baby food intake was associated with childhood food allergy. Childhood intake of fructose, fruit juices, sugar-sweetened beverages, high carbohydrate UPFs, monosodium glutamate, UPFs, and advanced glycated end-products (AGEs) was associated with the occurrence of allergic diseases. Exposure to UPFs and common ingredients in UPFs seem to be associated with increased occurrence of allergic diseases such as asthma, wheezing, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, in many, but not all studies. Conclusion: More preclinical and clinical studies are required to better define the link between UPF consumption and the risk of allergies and asthma. These observational studies ideally require supporting data with clearly defined UPF consumption, validated dietary measures, and mechanistic assessments to definitively link UPFs with the risk of allergies and asthma.

Original language	English
Article number	e14231
Journal	Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
Volume	35
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.14231
Publication status	Published - Sept 2024

Keywords

advanced glycation end products
allergic rhinitis
anti-foaming
asthma
atopic dermatitis
bulking
carbonating
eczema
emulsifiers
flavor enhancers
foaming
food additives
food allergy
gelling agents
glazing agents
gut barrier
immune system
junk foods
microbiome
monosodium glutamate
preservatives
sweeteners
thickeners

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1111/pai.14231

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Berni Canani, R., Carucci, L., Coppola, S., D'Auria, E., O'Mahony, L., Roth-Walter, F., Vassilopolou, E., Agostoni, C., Agache, I., Akdis, C., De Giovanni Di Santa Severina, F., Faketea, G., Greenhawt, M., Hoffman, K., Hufnagel, K., Meyer, R., Milani, G. P., Nowak-Wegrzyn, A., Nwaru, B., ... Venter, C. (2024). Ultra-processed foods, allergy outcomes and underlying mechanisms in children: An EAACI task force report. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 35(9), Article e14231. https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.14231

@article{7e9c3187f172466598ff073cdcb70207,

title = "Ultra-processed foods, allergy outcomes and underlying mechanisms in children: An EAACI task force report",

abstract = "Background: Consumption of ultra-processed foods [UPFs] may be associated with negative health outcomes. Limited data exist regarding the potential role of UPFs in the occurrence of allergic diseases. The underlying mechanisms underpinning any such associations are also poorly elucidated. Methods: We performed a systematic review and narrative evidence synthesis of the available literature to assess associations between UPF consumption and pediatric allergy outcomes (n = 26 papers), including data on the association seen with the gut microbiome (n = 16 papers) or immune system (n = 3 papers) structure and function following PRISMA guidelines. Results: Dietary exposure to fructose, carbonated soft drinks, and sugar intake was associated with an increased risk of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies in children. Commercial baby food intake was associated with childhood food allergy. Childhood intake of fructose, fruit juices, sugar-sweetened beverages, high carbohydrate UPFs, monosodium glutamate, UPFs, and advanced glycated end-products (AGEs) was associated with the occurrence of allergic diseases. Exposure to UPFs and common ingredients in UPFs seem to be associated with increased occurrence of allergic diseases such as asthma, wheezing, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, in many, but not all studies. Conclusion: More preclinical and clinical studies are required to better define the link between UPF consumption and the risk of allergies and asthma. These observational studies ideally require supporting data with clearly defined UPF consumption, validated dietary measures, and mechanistic assessments to definitively link UPFs with the risk of allergies and asthma.",

keywords = "advanced glycation end products, allergic rhinitis, anti-foaming, asthma, atopic dermatitis, bulking, carbonating, eczema, emulsifiers, flavor enhancers, foaming, food additives, food allergy, gelling agents, glazing agents, gut barrier, immune system, junk foods, microbiome, monosodium glutamate, preservatives, sweeteners, thickeners",

author = "Roberto Berni Canani and Laura Carucci and Serena Coppola and Enza D'Auria and Liam O'Mahony and Franziska Roth-Walter and Emilia Vassilopolou and Carlo Agostoni and Iaona Agache and Cezmi Akdis and Fiorenza De Giovanni Di Santa Severina and Gaby Faketea and Matt Greenhawt and Karin Hoffman and Karin Hufnagel and Rosan Meyer and Milani, {Gregorio Paolo} and Anna Nowak-Wegrzyn and Bright Nwaru and Ines Padua and Lorella Paparo and Peroni Diego and Imke Reese and Caroline Roduit and Smith, {Peter K.} and Alexandra Santos and Eva Untersmayr and Berber Vlieg-Boerstra and Carina Venter",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.",

year = "2024",

month = sep,

doi = "10.1111/pai.14231",

language = "English",

volume = "35",

journal = "Pediatric Allergy and Immunology",

issn = "0905-6157",

publisher = "Blackwell Munksgaard",

number = "9",

}

Berni Canani, R, Carucci, L, Coppola, S, D'Auria, E, O'Mahony, L, Roth-Walter, F, Vassilopolou, E, Agostoni, C, Agache, I, Akdis, C, De Giovanni Di Santa Severina, F, Faketea, G, Greenhawt, M, Hoffman, K, Hufnagel, K, Meyer, R, Milani, GP, Nowak-Wegrzyn, A, Nwaru, B, Padua, I, Paparo, L, Diego, P, Reese, I, Roduit, C, Smith, PK, Santos, A, Untersmayr, E, Vlieg-Boerstra, B & Venter, C 2024, 'Ultra-processed foods, allergy outcomes and underlying mechanisms in children: An EAACI task force report', Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, vol. 35, no. 9, e14231. https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.14231

TY - JOUR

T1 - Ultra-processed foods, allergy outcomes and underlying mechanisms in children

T2 - An EAACI task force report

AU - Berni Canani, Roberto

AU - Carucci, Laura

AU - Coppola, Serena

AU - D'Auria, Enza

AU - O'Mahony, Liam

AU - Roth-Walter, Franziska

AU - Vassilopolou, Emilia

AU - Agostoni, Carlo

AU - Agache, Iaona

AU - Akdis, Cezmi

AU - De Giovanni Di Santa Severina, Fiorenza

AU - Faketea, Gaby

AU - Greenhawt, Matt

AU - Hoffman, Karin

AU - Hufnagel, Karin

AU - Meyer, Rosan

AU - Milani, Gregorio Paolo

AU - Nowak-Wegrzyn, Anna

AU - Nwaru, Bright

AU - Padua, Ines

AU - Paparo, Lorella

AU - Diego, Peroni

AU - Reese, Imke

AU - Roduit, Caroline

AU - Smith, Peter K.

AU - Santos, Alexandra

AU - Untersmayr, Eva

AU - Vlieg-Boerstra, Berber

AU - Venter, Carina

PY - 2024/9

Y1 - 2024/9

N2 - Background: Consumption of ultra-processed foods [UPFs] may be associated with negative health outcomes. Limited data exist regarding the potential role of UPFs in the occurrence of allergic diseases. The underlying mechanisms underpinning any such associations are also poorly elucidated. Methods: We performed a systematic review and narrative evidence synthesis of the available literature to assess associations between UPF consumption and pediatric allergy outcomes (n = 26 papers), including data on the association seen with the gut microbiome (n = 16 papers) or immune system (n = 3 papers) structure and function following PRISMA guidelines. Results: Dietary exposure to fructose, carbonated soft drinks, and sugar intake was associated with an increased risk of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies in children. Commercial baby food intake was associated with childhood food allergy. Childhood intake of fructose, fruit juices, sugar-sweetened beverages, high carbohydrate UPFs, monosodium glutamate, UPFs, and advanced glycated end-products (AGEs) was associated with the occurrence of allergic diseases. Exposure to UPFs and common ingredients in UPFs seem to be associated with increased occurrence of allergic diseases such as asthma, wheezing, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, in many, but not all studies. Conclusion: More preclinical and clinical studies are required to better define the link between UPF consumption and the risk of allergies and asthma. These observational studies ideally require supporting data with clearly defined UPF consumption, validated dietary measures, and mechanistic assessments to definitively link UPFs with the risk of allergies and asthma.

AB - Background: Consumption of ultra-processed foods [UPFs] may be associated with negative health outcomes. Limited data exist regarding the potential role of UPFs in the occurrence of allergic diseases. The underlying mechanisms underpinning any such associations are also poorly elucidated. Methods: We performed a systematic review and narrative evidence synthesis of the available literature to assess associations between UPF consumption and pediatric allergy outcomes (n = 26 papers), including data on the association seen with the gut microbiome (n = 16 papers) or immune system (n = 3 papers) structure and function following PRISMA guidelines. Results: Dietary exposure to fructose, carbonated soft drinks, and sugar intake was associated with an increased risk of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies in children. Commercial baby food intake was associated with childhood food allergy. Childhood intake of fructose, fruit juices, sugar-sweetened beverages, high carbohydrate UPFs, monosodium glutamate, UPFs, and advanced glycated end-products (AGEs) was associated with the occurrence of allergic diseases. Exposure to UPFs and common ingredients in UPFs seem to be associated with increased occurrence of allergic diseases such as asthma, wheezing, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, in many, but not all studies. Conclusion: More preclinical and clinical studies are required to better define the link between UPF consumption and the risk of allergies and asthma. These observational studies ideally require supporting data with clearly defined UPF consumption, validated dietary measures, and mechanistic assessments to definitively link UPFs with the risk of allergies and asthma.

KW - advanced glycation end products

KW - allergic rhinitis

KW - anti-foaming

KW - asthma

KW - atopic dermatitis

KW - bulking

KW - carbonating

KW - eczema

KW - emulsifiers

KW - flavor enhancers

KW - foaming

KW - food additives

KW - food allergy

KW - gelling agents

KW - glazing agents

KW - gut barrier

KW - immune system

KW - junk foods

KW - microbiome

KW - monosodium glutamate

KW - preservatives

KW - sweeteners

KW - thickeners

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85203466253&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1111/pai.14231

DO - 10.1111/pai.14231

M3 - Review article

C2 - 39254357

AN - SCOPUS:85203466253

SN - 0905-6157

VL - 35

JO - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

JF - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

IS - 9

M1 - e14231

ER -

Ultra-processed foods, allergy outcomes and underlying mechanisms in children: An EAACI task force report

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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