Ultrathin, high-speed, all-optical photoacoustic endomicroscopy probe for guiding minimally invasive surgery

TY - JOUR

T1 - Ultrathin, high-speed, all-optical photoacoustic endomicroscopy probe for guiding minimally invasive surgery

AU - Zhao, Tianrui

AU - Pham, Truc

AU - Baker, Christian

AU - Ma, Michelle

AU - Ourselin, Sebastien

AU - Vercauteren, Tom

AU - Zhang, Edward Z.

AU - Beard, Paul C.

AU - Xia, Wenfeng

N1 - Funding Information: European Research Council (74119); Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (NS/A000027/1, NS/A000049/1); Wellcome Trust (203148/Z/16/Z, WT101957); Springboard Award (SBF006/1136). Publisher Copyright: © Journal 2022.

PY - 2022/7/27

Y1 - 2022/7/27

N2 - Photoacoustic (PA) endoscopy has shown significant potential for clinical diagnosis and surgical guidance. Multimode fibres (MMFs) are becoming increasingly attractive for the development of miniature endoscopy probes owing to their ultrathin size, low cost and diffractionlimited spatial resolution enabled by wavefront shaping. However, current MMF-based PA endomicroscopy probes are either limited by a bulky ultrasound detector or a low imaging speed that hindered their usability. In this work, we report the development of a highly miniaturised and high-speed PA endomicroscopy probe that is integrated within the cannula of a 20 gauge medical needle. This probe comprises a MMF for delivering the PA excitation light and a single-mode optical fibre with a plano-concave microresonator for ultrasound detection. Wavefront shaping with a digital micromirror device enabled rapid raster-scanning of a focused light spot at the distal end of the MMF for tissue interrogation. High-resolution PA imaging of mouse red blood cells covering an area 100 μm in diameter was achieved with the needle probe at ∼3 frames per second. Mosaicing imaging was performed after fibre characterisation by translating the needle probe to enlarge the field-of-view in real-time. The developed ultrathin PA endomicroscopy probe is promising for guiding minimally invasive surgery by providing functional, molecular and microstructural information of tissue in real-time.

AB - Photoacoustic (PA) endoscopy has shown significant potential for clinical diagnosis and surgical guidance. Multimode fibres (MMFs) are becoming increasingly attractive for the development of miniature endoscopy probes owing to their ultrathin size, low cost and diffractionlimited spatial resolution enabled by wavefront shaping. However, current MMF-based PA endomicroscopy probes are either limited by a bulky ultrasound detector or a low imaging speed that hindered their usability. In this work, we report the development of a highly miniaturised and high-speed PA endomicroscopy probe that is integrated within the cannula of a 20 gauge medical needle. This probe comprises a MMF for delivering the PA excitation light and a single-mode optical fibre with a plano-concave microresonator for ultrasound detection. Wavefront shaping with a digital micromirror device enabled rapid raster-scanning of a focused light spot at the distal end of the MMF for tissue interrogation. High-resolution PA imaging of mouse red blood cells covering an area 100 μm in diameter was achieved with the needle probe at ∼3 frames per second. Mosaicing imaging was performed after fibre characterisation by translating the needle probe to enlarge the field-of-view in real-time. The developed ultrathin PA endomicroscopy probe is promising for guiding minimally invasive surgery by providing functional, molecular and microstructural information of tissue in real-time.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85135391365&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1364/BOE.463057

DO - 10.1364/BOE.463057

M3 - Article

SN - 2156-7085

VL - 13

SP - 4414

EP - 4428

JO - Biomedical Optics Express

JF - Biomedical Optics Express

IS - 8

ER -