Volatilisation of substituted ferrocene compounds of different sizes from room temperature ionic liquids: a kinetic and mechanistic study

Chaopeng Fu; Leigh Aldous; Edmund J. F. Dickinson; Ninie S. A. Manan; Richard G. Compton

doi:10.1039/c2nj20704d

Volatilisation of substituted ferrocene compounds of different sizes from room temperature ionic liquids: a kinetic and mechanistic study

Chaopeng Fu, Leigh Aldous, Edmund J. F. Dickinson, Ninie S. A. Manan, Richard G. Compton

Chemistry

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Abstract

The volatilisation of a range of ferrocene compounds from a range of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) into a flow of nitrogen gas was investigated. Namely, n-butylferrocene, 1,1′-dimethylferrocene and ferrocene were investigated in N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C4mpyrr][NTf2]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C2mim][NTf2]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4mim][BF4]). Cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric monitoring of the ferrocene compound concentration allowed quantification of the rate constants of volatilisation, k, activation energies of volatilisation, Ea, and entropies of activation, ΔS‡. The rate of volatilisation was found to be ferrocene > 1,1′-dimethylferrocene > n-butylferrocene, and trends in the rate constant of the volatilisation process as a function of molecular size and ionic liquid surface tension were investigated. These indicate that the transition state for the volatilisation is when the solute is located in the liquid surface, and that the creation of a cavity of some sort in the liquid surface is necessary to allow volatilisation.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	774-780
Journal	NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
Volume	36
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/c2nj20704d
Publication status	Published - 2012

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@article{0bdbb7c8bf274354902d33ee079e94c3,

title = "Volatilisation of substituted ferrocene compounds of different sizes from room temperature ionic liquids: a kinetic and mechanistic study",

abstract = "The volatilisation of a range of ferrocene compounds from a range of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) into a flow of nitrogen gas was investigated. Namely, n-butylferrocene, 1,1′-dimethylferrocene and ferrocene were investigated in N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C4mpyrr][NTf2]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C2mim][NTf2]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4mim][BF4]). Cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric monitoring of the ferrocene compound concentration allowed quantification of the rate constants of volatilisation, k, activation energies of volatilisation, Ea, and entropies of activation, ΔS‡. The rate of volatilisation was found to be ferrocene > 1,1′-dimethylferrocene > n-butylferrocene, and trends in the rate constant of the volatilisation process as a function of molecular size and ionic liquid surface tension were investigated. These indicate that the transition state for the volatilisation is when the solute is located in the liquid surface, and that the creation of a cavity of some sort in the liquid surface is necessary to allow volatilisation.",

author = "Chaopeng Fu and Leigh Aldous and Dickinson, {Edmund J. F.} and Manan, {Ninie S. A.} and Compton, {Richard G.}",

year = "2012",

doi = "10.1039/c2nj20704d",

language = "English",

volume = "36",

pages = "774--780",

journal = "NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY",

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publisher = "Royal Society of Chemistry",

number = "3",

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T1 - Volatilisation of substituted ferrocene compounds of different sizes from room temperature ionic liquids: a kinetic and mechanistic study

AU - Fu, Chaopeng

AU - Aldous, Leigh

AU - Dickinson, Edmund J. F.

AU - Manan, Ninie S. A.

AU - Compton, Richard G.

PY - 2012

Y1 - 2012

N2 - The volatilisation of a range of ferrocene compounds from a range of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) into a flow of nitrogen gas was investigated. Namely, n-butylferrocene, 1,1′-dimethylferrocene and ferrocene were investigated in N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C4mpyrr][NTf2]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C2mim][NTf2]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4mim][BF4]). Cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric monitoring of the ferrocene compound concentration allowed quantification of the rate constants of volatilisation, k, activation energies of volatilisation, Ea, and entropies of activation, ΔS‡. The rate of volatilisation was found to be ferrocene > 1,1′-dimethylferrocene > n-butylferrocene, and trends in the rate constant of the volatilisation process as a function of molecular size and ionic liquid surface tension were investigated. These indicate that the transition state for the volatilisation is when the solute is located in the liquid surface, and that the creation of a cavity of some sort in the liquid surface is necessary to allow volatilisation.

AB - The volatilisation of a range of ferrocene compounds from a range of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) into a flow of nitrogen gas was investigated. Namely, n-butylferrocene, 1,1′-dimethylferrocene and ferrocene were investigated in N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C4mpyrr][NTf2]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C2mim][NTf2]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4mim][BF4]). Cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric monitoring of the ferrocene compound concentration allowed quantification of the rate constants of volatilisation, k, activation energies of volatilisation, Ea, and entropies of activation, ΔS‡. The rate of volatilisation was found to be ferrocene > 1,1′-dimethylferrocene > n-butylferrocene, and trends in the rate constant of the volatilisation process as a function of molecular size and ionic liquid surface tension were investigated. These indicate that the transition state for the volatilisation is when the solute is located in the liquid surface, and that the creation of a cavity of some sort in the liquid surface is necessary to allow volatilisation.

U2 - 10.1039/c2nj20704d

DO - 10.1039/c2nj20704d

M3 - Article

SN - 1144-0546

VL - 36

SP - 774

EP - 780

JO - NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY

JF - NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY

IS - 3

ER -

Volatilisation of substituted ferrocene compounds of different sizes from room temperature ionic liquids: a kinetic and mechanistic study

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